Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vъpiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *up-, from Proto-Indo-European *up-, from *wep-. Cognate with Latvian ūpêt (“to scream (of birds)”) (1sg. ūpẽju), ūpôt (“to howl”), Lithuanian ùpas (“echo”), Latvian ũpis (“owl”), Avestan 𐬎𐬟𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬨𐬌‎ (ufiieimi, “to call out”), Old High German ūfo, ūvo (“night owl”), Old Norse úfr (“night owl”), Proto-Germanic *ubilaz (“bad spirit”). Sometimes compared with Russian ва́бить (vábitʹ, “to lure with a birdcall”), Gothic 𐍅𐍉𐍀𐌾𐌰𐌽 (wōpjan, “to shout out”), although the root consonants don't quite align.

Verb

*vъpìti

to cry out

Inflection

Conjugation of *vъpiti, *vъpi, *vъpijetь (?, -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*vъpitьje	*vъpiti	*vъpitъ	*vъpilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*vъpitъ	*vъpijemъ
Active	*vъpivъ	*vъpiję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vъpixъ	*vъpi	*vъpi	*vъpijǫ	*vъpiješi	*vъpijetь
Dual	*vъpixově	*vъpista	*vъpiste	*vъpijevě	*vъpijeta	*vъpijete
Plural	*vъpixomъ	*vъpiste	*vъpišę	*vъpijemъ	*vъpijete	*vъpijǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*vъpijaaxъ	*vъpijaaše	*vъpijaaše	—	*vъpiji	*vъpiji
Dual	*vъpijaaxově	*vъpijaašeta	*vъpijaašete	*vъpijivě	*vъpijita	—
Plural	*vъpijaaxomъ	*vъpijaašete	*vъpijaaxǫ	*vъpijimъ	*vъpijite	—

Related terms

*vypь (“wader, sea bird (in general)”)
*vъplь (“cry, wail”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Russian: вопи́ть (vopítʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: въпити (vŭpiti)
  Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ва̀пити, у̀пити
  Latin: vàpiti, ùpiti
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): vȁpiti
- Slovene: vpíti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: úpiti
  - Czech: úpět
- Slovak: upeť