< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/volděti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *voldati
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *walˀdā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂welh₁dʰh₁-, from *h₂welh₁- (“to rule”). Cognates include Lithuanian valdýti (“to rule, to govern, to wield”) (3sg. val̃do, 3sg. past val̃dė), Latvian vàldît (“to rule, to govern, to wield”), Lithuanian veldė́ti (“to inherit”), Old Prussian walduns, weldūns (“heir”), weldīsnan (“legacy”), Old Lithuanian pavilsti (“to inherit”), pavildė́ti (“to own”), English wield.
Verb
*volděti
- to rule
Inflection
Conjugation of *volděti, *voldě, *voldějetь (?, -ě-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ěti
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *volděnьje | *volděti | *voldětъ | *voldělъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *volděnъ | *voldějemъ |
| Active | *volděvъ | *volděję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *volděxъ | *voldě | *voldě | *voldějǫ | *volděješi | *voldějetь |
| Dual | *volděxově | *volděsta | *volděste | *voldějevě | *voldějeta | *voldějete |
| Plural | *volděxomъ | *volděste | *volděšę | *voldějemъ | *voldějete | *voldějǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *volděaxъ | *volděaše | *volděaše | — | *volději | *volději |
| Dual | *volděaxově | *volděašeta | *volděašete | *voldějivě | *voldějita | — |
| Plural | *volděaxomъ | *volděašete | *volděaxǫ | *voldějimъ | *voldějite | — |
Conjugation of *voldati, *volda, *voldetь (?, -a/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *voldanьje | *voldati | *voldatъ | *voldalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *voldanъ | *voldomъ |
| Active | *voldavъ | *voldy |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *voldaxъ | *volda | *volda | *voldǫ | *voldeši | *voldetь |
| Dual | *voldaxově | *voldasta | *voldaste | *voldevě | *voldeta | *voldete |
| Plural | *voldaxomъ | *voldaste | *voldašę | *voldemъ | *voldete | *voldǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *voldaaxъ | *voldaaše | *voldaaše | — | *voldi | *voldi |
| Dual | *voldaaxově | *voldaašeta | *voldaašete | *volděvě | *volděta | — |
| Plural | *voldaaxomъ | *voldaašete | *voldaaxǫ | *volděmъ | *volděte | — |
Conjugation of *voldati, *volda, *voldajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *voldanьje | *voldati | *voldatъ | *voldalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *voldanъ | *voldajemъ |
| Active | *voldavъ | *voldaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *voldaxъ | *volda | *volda | *voldajǫ | *voldaješi | *voldajetь |
| Dual | *voldaxově | *voldasta | *voldaste | *voldajevě | *voldajeta | *voldajete |
| Plural | *voldaxomъ | *voldaste | *voldašę | *voldajemъ | *voldajete | *voldajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *voldaaxъ | *voldaaše | *voldaaše | — | *voldaji | *voldaji |
| Dual | *voldaaxově | *voldaašeta | *voldaašete | *voldajivě | *voldajita | — |
| Plural | *voldaaxomъ | *voldaašete | *voldaaxǫ | *voldajimъ | *voldajite | — |
Related terms
- *volsti (“to rule”)
- *volstь (“rule”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: володѣти (voloděti)
- Old Ruthenian: володѣти (voloděti)
- Ukrainian: володі́ти (volodíty)
- Russian: володе́ть (volodétʹ) (dialectal)
- Old Ruthenian: володѣти (voloděti)
- Old East Slavic: володѣти (voloděti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: владѣти (vladěti), владати (vladati)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- → Russian: владе́ть (vladétʹ), владѣ́ть (vladě́tʹ)
- → Kildin Sami: владье (vlad’je)
- Bulgarian: владе́я (vladéja)
- Macedonian: владее (vladee)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: вла́дати
- Latin: vládati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): vlå̄dȁti
- Slovene: vládati, ládati (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: ovládat
- Old Polish: włodać
- Polish: władać
- → Belarusian: улада́ць (uladácʹ)
- Slovak: vládať
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “владе́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 156
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*volděti; *voldati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 524
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “володе́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress