< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vitędzь
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Based on the ethnonym Proto-Germanic *wīkingaz (whence Old Norse víkingr (“bay dweller”)), ultimately from *wīkō (“inlet, bay”).
Similar semantic shift ethnonym → hero, legendary figure is also found in Proto-Slavic *spolinъ, *spolovъ (“giant”) from the name of a Sarmatian people.
According to Brückner and Machek, medial -t- probably is due to the influence of Proto-Slavic *vitěnьcь (“provider, supplier, guardian”) from Proto-Slavic *viti (“to twine, to curve”). Compare Old Church Slavonic възвитъ (vŭzvitŭ, “provisions, supply”).
Noun
*vìtędzь m[1]
- knight, hero
Declension
Declension of *vìtędzь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *vìtędzь | *vìtędza | *vìtędzi |
| Accusative | *vìtędzь | *vìtędza | *vìtędzę̇ |
| Genitive | *vìtędza | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzь |
| Locative | *vìtędzi | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzīxъ |
| Dative | *vìtędzu | *vìtędzema | *vìtędzēmъ |
| Instrumental | *vìtędzьmь, *vìtędzemь* | *vìtędzema | *vìtędzī |
| Vocative | *vìtęže | *vìtędza | *vìtędzi |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
See also
- *kъ̏nędzь (“prince”)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Serbian Church Slavonic: витѩѕь (vitjędzĭ)
- Bulgarian: ви́тег (víteg), ви́тез (vítez), ви́тец (vítec) (poetic)
- Macedonian: витез (vitez)
- Old Serbian витѧзь (15ᵗʰ c.)
- → Old Ruthenian: ви́тѧзь (vítjazʹ), ви́тѧжь (vítjažʹ), ви́тезь (vítezʹ)
- Belarusian: ві́цязь (vícjazʹ)
- Ukrainian: ви́тязь (výtjazʹ)
- → Polish: witeź
- → Middle Russian: ви́тѧзь (vítjazʹ) (1490)
- Russian: ви́тязь (vítjazʹ)
- → Bulgarian: ви́тяз (vítjaz), витéз (vitéz)
- Russian: ви́тязь (vítjazʹ)
- → Old Ruthenian: ви́тѧзь (vítjazʹ), ви́тѧжь (vítjažʹ), ви́тезь (vítezʹ)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ви̏те̄з
- Latin: vȉtēz
- Slovene: vȋtez (tonal orthography)
- → Hungarian: vitéz
- → Romanian: viteaz
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vítěz
- Czech: vítěz
- Polish: wiciądz (archaic)
- Slovak: víťaz
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: wićaz
- Old Czech: vítěz
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ви́тязь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “витег, витек, витец”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 154
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “vitez”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vi̋tędzь”