< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vila
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Unknown. Sometimes compared with *viljati or vyti. Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *h₂weh₁- (“to blow (of wind)”).
Noun
*vila f
- South Slavic: a kind of female nature spirit with supernatural powers, similar to a nymph or a fairy
Declension
Declension of *vila (hard a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *vila | *vilě | *vily |
Accusative | *vilǫ | *vilě | *vily |
Genitive | *vily | *vilu | *vilъ |
Locative | *vilě | *vilu | *vilasъ, *vilaxъ* |
Dative | *vilě | *vilama | *vilamъ |
Instrumental | *vilojǫ, *vilǫ** | *vilama | *vilami |
Vocative | *vilo | *vilě | *vily |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: вила (vila)
- Glagolitic: ⰲⰻⰾⰰ (vila)
- → Old East Slavic: вила (vila)
- Belarusian: віла (vila)
- Russian: вила́ (vilá)
- Ukrainian: вила (vyla)
- Bulgarian: вила (vila)
- Macedonian: вила (vila)
- ⇒ Macedonian: самовила (samovila)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: вила
- Latin: vȉla
- Slovene: vila
- → Czech: víla
- → Upper Sorbian: wiła
- → German: Wilis pl (in the context of Giselle)
- → Russian: вилисы pl (vilisy) and виллисы pl (villisy) (in the context of Giselle)
- → Polish: wiła
- → Slovak: víla
- Old Church Slavonic:
References
- Reiter, Norbert (1973). "Mythologie der alten Slaven". In Haussig, Hans Wilhelm (ed.). Wörterbuch der Mythologie (in German). 2. pp. 163–208.
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вила́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Anikin, A. E. (2013), “вила”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 7 (вершь – вняться), Moscow: V. V. Vinogradov Russian Language Institute, →ISBN, page 173