< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vapьno
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *vapъ (“dye”) + *-ьno (originally an adjective); beyond that, of uncertain origin. Supposed to be related to Latvian vãpe (“glaze”), Old Prussian woapis (“dye”). Except for the gender, homonymous with Proto-Slavic *vapa (“pond, standing water”), which is generally thought to be an Iranian borrowing. Other similar lemmas in Indo-European languages, with no certain relation, include Latin vapor (“steam”), Albanian vapë (“hot weather”).
The verb вапсати (vapsati, “to paint”), which has spread among some daughter languages via Church Slavonic, is generally disregarded as a potential relative. The later is derived from the aorist of Ancient Greek βάπτω (báptō, “to soak, to dye”).
Noun
*vapьnò or *vápьno n[1]
- lime (as material for dyes)
- Synonyms: *varъ, *bagrъ
Declension
Declension of *vapьno (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *vapьno | *vapьně | *vapьna |
| Accusative | *vapьno | *vapьně | *vapьna |
| Genitive | *vapьna | *vapьnu | *vapьnъ |
| Locative | *vapьně | *vapьnu | *vapьněxъ |
| Dative | *vapьnu | *vapьnoma | *vapьnomъ |
| Instrumental | *vapьnъmь, *vapьnomь* | *vapьnoma | *vapьny |
| Vocative | *vapьno | *vapьně | *vapьna |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: вапьно (vapĭno)
- Old Ruthenian: вапно (vapno)
- Belarusian: вапна (vapna)
- Ukrainian: ва́пно (vápno)
- Old Ruthenian: вапно (vapno)
- Old East Slavic: вапьно (vapĭno)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: вапьно (vapĭno)
- ⇒ Old Church Slavonic: ⱂⱁⰲⰰⱂⱐⱀⰵⱀⱁⰿⱏ (povapĭnenomŭ)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ва́пно
- Latin: vápno
- Slovene: ápno (from older jápno, vapno)
- Old Church Slavonic: вапьно (vapĭno)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: vápno
- Czech: vápno
- Old Polish: wapno
- Polish: wapno
- Slovak: vápno
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: vapno
- Old Czech: vápno
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “вапно”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1971), “вапсам, вапсвам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 118
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “ápno”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*vapьnȍ (ali *vápьno)”