< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tęgnǫti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From the root of *tęťi (“to pull”) + *-nǫti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ting-, *teng-, from Proto-Indo-European *tengʰ-.
Baltic cognates includeLithuanian tìngti (“to become slow”) (3sg. tìngsta), tingė́ti (“to be lazy”) (3sg. tìngi).
Indo-European cognates includeOld Norse þyngja (“burden”), þīsl (“drawbar, shaft”),Old High German dīhsala (“drawbar, shaft”),Latin tēmō (“drawbar, shaft”) < *tenk-smō.
Verb
*tęgnǫti impf
- to pull
Inflection
Conjugation of *tęgnǫti, *tęgnǫ, *tęgnetь (impf., -n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *tęgnovenьje | *tęgnǫti | *tęgnǫtъ | *tęgnǫlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *tęgnovenъ | *tęgnomъ |
| Active | *tęgnǫvъ | *tęgny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tęgnǫxъ | *tęgnǫ | *tęgnǫ | *tęgnǫ | *tęgneši | *tęgnetь |
| Dual | *tęgnǫxově | *tęgnǫsta | *tęgnǫste | *tęgnevě | *tęgneta | *tęgnete |
| Plural | *tęgnǫxomъ | *tęgnǫste | *tęgnǫšę | *tęgnemъ | *tęgnete | *tęgnǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *tęgněaxъ | *tęgněaše | *tęgněaše | — | *tęgni | *tęgni |
| Dual | *tęgněaxově | *tęgněašeta | *tęgněašete | *tęgněvě | *tęgněta | — |
| Plural | *tęgněaxomъ | *tęgněašete | *tęgněaxǫ | *tęgněmъ | *tęgněte | — |
Related terms
- *tędzati (“to pull, extract”)
- *tęgъ / *tęga (“traction, weight”)
- *tęžьkъ (“heavy”)
- *tęťi (“to pull”)
- *tęželъ
- *tǫga (“sadness”)
- *tǫgъ (“tight, solid, tough”)
Derived terms
- *natęgnǫti
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: тꙗгнꙋти (tjagnuti), тꙗнꙋти (tjanuti)
- Belarusian: цягну́ць (cjahnúcʹ)
- Russian: тяну́ть (tjanútʹ), 1sg. тяну́ (tjanú), 3sg. тя́нет (tjánet)
- Ukrainian: тягну́ти (tjahnúty)
- Old East Slavic: тꙗгнꙋти (tjagnuti), тꙗнꙋти (tjanuti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: тѧгнѫти (tęgnǫti), 1sg. тѧгнѫ (tęgnǫ)
- Bulgarian: те́гна (tégna)
- Macedonian: тегне (tegne)
- Slovene: tė́gniti (“to provide, to stretch”) (tonal orthography), 1sg. tėgnem (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: táhnúti
- Czech: táhnout
- Moravian (Mistřice): tahnút
- Czech: táhnout
- Kashubian: cygnąc
- Polabian: tągnǫt
- Polish: ciągnąć
- Silesian: ciōngnōńć
- Slovak: tiahnuť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: ćahnyć
- Lower Sorbian: śěgnuś
- Old Czech: táhnúti
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “тяну́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 278
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*tęgnǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 493
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “тя́га”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress