Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trǫba

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trǫba

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Uncertain. Probably onomatopaeic in nature, akin to Proto-Slavic *trǫtъ (“drone”), or borrowed from Old High German trumba (“drums”).

Noun

*trǫbà f[1][2]

1. pipe, tube
2. trumpet

Inflection

Declension of *trǭbà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*trǭbà	*trǫ̃bě	*trǭbỳ
Accusative	*trǭbǫ̀	*trǫ̃bě	*trǭbỳ
Genitive	*trǭbỳ	*trǭbù	*trǫ̃bъ
Locative	*trǭbě̀	*trǭbù	*trǭbàsъ, *trǭbàxъ*
Dative	*trǭbě̀	*trǭbàma	*trǭbàmъ
Instrumental	*trǭbòjǫ, *trǫ̃bǫ**	*trǭbàma	*trǭbàmī
Vocative	*trǫbo	*trǫ̃bě	*trǭbỳ

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

• *trǫbiti (“to play trumpet”)
• *trǫbačь (“trumpet player”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: труба (truba)
    • Belarusian: труба́ (trubá)
    • Russian: труба́ (trubá)
    • Ukrainian: труба́ (trubá)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: трѫба (trǫba)
  • Bulgarian: тръба́ (trǎbá), тръ́мба (trǎ́mba) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: труба (truba)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: тру́ба

    Latin: trúba

  • Slovene: trọ́ba (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: trúba
    • Czech: trouba
  • Polabian: trǫbă (“hank of tow”)
  • Old Polish: trąba
    • Polish: trąba
  • Slovak: trúba
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: truba
    • Lower Sorbian: tšuba
• Non-Slavic:
  • → Romanian: trâmbiță (Borrowed from Old Church Slavonic трѫбица (trǫbica))

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “труба”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress

References

1. Olander, Thomas (2001), “trǫba trǫby”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b rør, trompet (PR 135)”
2. Snoj, Marko (2016), “trọ́ba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*trǫba̋”