< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/truxlъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
According to Vasmer, akin to Lithuanian traušus (“fragille”), Latvian trusls (“putrid”).
Adjective
*truxlъ
- rotten
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *truxlъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *truxlъ | *truxla | *truxlo |
Accusative | *truxlъ | *truxlǫ | *truxlo |
Genitive | *truxla | *truxly | *truxla |
Locative | *truxlě | *truxlě | *truxlě |
Dative | *truxlu | *truxlě | *truxlu |
Instrumental | *truxlomь | *truxlojǫ | *truxlomь |
Vocative | *truxle | *truxlo | *truxlo |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *truxla | *truxlě | *truxlě |
Accusative | *truxla | *truxlě | *truxlě |
Genitive | *truxlu | *truxlu | *truxlu |
Locative | *truxlu | *truxlu | *truxlu |
Dative | *truxloma | *truxlama | *truxloma |
Instrumental | *truxloma | *truxlama | *truxloma |
Vocative | *truxla | *truxlě | *truxlě |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *truxli | *truxly | *truxla |
Accusative | *truxly | *truxly | *truxla |
Genitive | *truxlъ | *truxlъ | *truxlъ |
Locative | *truxlěxъ | *truxlaxъ | *truxlěxъ |
Dative | *truxlomъ | *truxlamъ | *truxlomъ |
Instrumental | *truxly | *truxlami | *truxly |
Vocative | *truxli | *truxly | *truxla |
Definite declension of *truxlъ (hard)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *truxlъjь | *truxlaja | *truxloje |
Accusative | *truxlъjь | *truxlǫjǫ | *truxloje |
Genitive | *truxlajego | *truxlyję | *truxlajego |
Locative | *truxlějemь | *truxlěji | *truxlějemь |
Dative | *truxlujemu | *truxlěji | *truxlujemu |
Instrumental | *truxlyjimi | *truxlǫjǫ | *truxlyjimi |
Vocative | *truxlъjь | *truxlaja | *truxloje |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *truxlaja | *truxlěji | *truxlěji |
Accusative | *truxlaja | *truxlěji | *truxlěji |
Genitive | *truxluju | *truxluju | *truxluju |
Locative | *truxluju | *truxluju | *truxluju |
Dative | *truxlyjima | *truxlyjima | *truxlyjima |
Instrumental | *truxlyjima | *truxlyjima | *truxlyjima |
Vocative | *truxlaja | *truxlěji | *truxlěji |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *truxliji | *truxlyję | *truxlaja |
Accusative | *truxlyję | *truxlyję | *truxlaja |
Genitive | *truxlъjixъ | *truxlъjixъ | *truxlъjixъ |
Locative | *truxlyjixъ | *truxlyjixъ | *truxlyjixъ |
Dative | *truxlyjimъ | *truxlyjimъ | *truxlyjimъ |
Instrumental | *truxlyjimi | *truxlyjimi | *truxlyjimi |
Vocative | *truxliji | *truxlyję | *truxlaja |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: трухля́вый (truxljávyj), тру́хлый (trúxlyj), труха́вый (truxávyj)
- South Slavic:
- Macedonian: трул (trul)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: тру̏о
- Latin: trȕo
- Slovene: trúhəł (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: truchlý (archaic)
- Old Polish: truchły
- Slovak: trúchlý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “труха́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress