Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trava
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Probably from Proto-Balto-Slavic *trāˀwā́ˀ.
Of uncertain origin, with no analogues outside of Slavic. Apparently related to Proto-Slavic *traviti (“to chew, to gnaw, to poison”), however, not certain in what manner.
Possibly from the same root as Proto-Slavic *tryti (“to rub, to crush”), Proto-Slavic *truti (“to consume, to poison”), which are believed to continue Proto-Indo-European *trewH-. For similar vṛddhi-like construction, compare Proto-Slavic *slava (“fame”) from Proto-Slavic *sluti (“to utter”). If correct, then likely akin to Ancient Greek τρῡ́ω (trū́ō, “to exhaust”), Ancient Greek τραῦμα (traûma, “wound, damage”), Ancient Greek τρώγω (trṓgō, “to chew, to gnaw”), and Proto-Germanic *þrēaną (“to twist, to throw”).
See *traviti for further discussion.
Noun
*trāvà f[1][2][3]
- grass
Alternative forms
- *trěva (e-grade)
Inflection
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *trāvà | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
Accusative | *trāvǫ̀ | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
Genitive | *trāvỳ | *trāvù | *trãvъ |
Locative | *trāvě̀ | *trāvù | *trāvàsъ, *trāvàxъ* |
Dative | *trāvě̀ | *trāvàma | *trāvàmъ |
Instrumental | *trāvòjǫ, *trãvǫ** | *trāvàma | *trāvàmī |
Vocative | *travo | *trãvě | *trāvỳ |
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *otrova (“poison”)
- *troviti, *traviti (“to poison”)
- *truti (“to consume, to poison”) (possibly)
- *tryti (“to rub, to crush”) (possibly)
- *trьvati (“to lose, to get rid of”) (possibly)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: трава (trava)
- Belarusian: трава́ (travá)
- Russian: трава́ (travá)
- Rusyn: трава́ (travá)
- Ukrainian: трава́ (travá)
- Old East Slavic: трава (trava)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: трава (trava)
- Glagolitic: ⱅⱃⰰⰲⰰ (trava)
- Bulgarian: трава́ (travá) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: тра́ва
- Latin: tráva
- Slovene: tráva (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: tráva
- Czech: tráva
- Moravian (Mistřice): tráva
- Czech: tráva
- Kashubian: trôwa
- Old Polish: tráwa
- Polish: trawa
- Silesian: trŏwa
- Slovak: tráva
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: trawa
- Lower Sorbian: tšawa
- Old Czech: tráva
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “трава”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*trāvà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496: “f. ā (b) 'grass'”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “trava travy”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 156; PR 135)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “tráva”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*trava̋”