< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sьrditi
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Related to *sьrdьce, as the heart was understood to be the seat of anger.
Verb
*sьrditi
- to anger
- to rile
Inflection
Conjugation of *sьrditi, *sьrdi, *sьrditь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*sьrďenьje | *sьrditi | *sьrditъ | *sьrdilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *sьrďenъ | *sьrdimъ |
Active | *sьrďь | *sьrdę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *sьrdixъ | *sьrdi | *sьrdi | *sьrďǫ | *sьrdiši | *sьrditь |
Dual | *sьrdixově | *sьrdista | *sьrdiste | *sьrdivě | *sьrdita | *sьrdite |
Plural | *sьrdixomъ | *sьrdiste | *sьrdišę | *sьrdimъ | *sьrdite | *sьrdętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *sьrďaaxъ | *sьrďaaše | *sьrďaaše | — | *sьrdi | *sьrdi |
Dual | *sьrďaaxově | *sьrďaašeta | *sьrďaašete | *sьrdivě | *sьrdita | — |
Plural | *sьrďaaxomъ | *sьrďaašete | *sьrďaaxǫ | *sьrdimъ | *sьrdite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*sьrdivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: сердить (serditʹ)
- Ukrainian: се́рдити (sérdyty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сръдити (srŭditi)
- Bulgarian: сърдя (sǎrdja)
- Macedonian: срди (srdi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ср́дити
- Latin: sŕditi
- Slovene: srdíti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Polish: sierdzić
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сердить”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress