Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫtь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*sętь

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sánti, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁sonti, verb form of *h₁ésti.

Cognate with Latin sunt.

Verb

*sǫtь

third-person plural present of *byti

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: суть (sutĭ)
  - Russian: суть f (sutʹ, “essence, core, gist”)
  - Ukrainian: суть f (sutʹ, “essence, core, gist”)
- Old Novgorodian: соуть (sutĭ), су (su)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сѫтъ (sǫtŭ)
- Bulgarian: са (sa)
- Macedonian: се (se), сет (set) (dialectal)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  - Cyrillic: су, јѐсу
  - Latin: su, jèsu
- Old Slovene: sunt[1]
  - Slovene: so
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sú (ſuu), jsú (gſuv), jsu (gſu/gſw/?zzu), jsut (yſut), sut (ſut/zut)[2]
  - Czech: jsou
- Kashubian: są
- Old Polish: są (sø/?szø/?ssą)[3]
  - Polish: są
- Slovak: sú
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: su[4]
  - Lower Sorbian: su

References

“del Eſeſunt dela”, in Freising manuscripts, 1005±33, page 3 (2.1/158v), line 19
Jan Gebauer (1886), “Tvaroslovné výklady a doklady ke slovesům třídy IV, VI a bezpříznakým. Kmeny praesentní bez příznaku.”, in Listy filologické a paedagogické, volume 13, Prague: Jednota českých filologů, Edvard Grégr, page 305
K. Nitsch, editor (1954), “1. Być”, in Słownik staropolski (in Old Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 185
Křesćan Pful, editor (1866), “2. Su”, in Łužiski serbski słownik / Lausitzisch Wendisches Wörterbuch (in German), Budyšin: Maćica Serbska, page 685