Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫprǫgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Equivalent to *sǫ- +‎ *prǫgъ (“shackle, splice”). Analogous to Latin coniūnx m or f (“spouse”) < coniugō (“to unite, to yoke”).

Noun

*sǫprǫ̀gъ m[1]

(literally) yokemate, companion
husband (male spouse)

Declension

Declension of *sǫprǫgъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*sǫprǫgъ	*sǫprǫga	*sǫprǫdzi
Accusative	*sǫprǫgъ	*sǫprǫga	*sǫprǫgy
Genitive	*sǫprǫga	*sǫprǫgu	*sǫprǫgъ
Locative	*sǫprǫdzě	*sǫprǫgu	*sǫprǫdzěxъ
Dative	*sǫprǫgu	*sǫprǫgoma	*sǫprǫgomъ
Instrumental	sǫprǫgъmь, sǫprǫgomь^*	*sǫprǫgoma	*sǫprǫgy
Vocative	*sǫprǫže	*sǫprǫga	*sǫprǫdzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*sǫprǫga (“wife”)
*sǫprǫžьskъ (“conjugal”)

Related terms

*prę(ž)ťi, *pręgati (“to press, to apply force”)
*prǫžina (“spring (tool)”)
*prǫglo (“snare”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сꙋпрꙋгъ (suprugŭ)
  - Belarusian:
  - Russian: супру́г (suprúg)
  - Ukrainian: супру́г (suprúh)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: сѫпрѫгъ (sǫprǫgŭ)
- Bulgarian: съпру́г (sǎprúg); съпръ́г (sǎprǎ́g) (dated)
- Macedonian: сопруг (soprug)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: су̏пруг
  Latin: sȕprug
- Slovene: soprọ̑g (tonal orthography)

References

Snoj, Marko (2016), “soprog”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Izhodiščno *sǫprǫ̋gъ”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “супру́г”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
Todorov T., editor (2010), “съпруг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 672

[1] Snoj, Marko (2016), “soprog”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar³ (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “Izhodiščno *sǫprǫ̋gъ”