< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫdъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sámdas, from Proto-Indo-European *som-dʰh₁-os, from *som- + *dʰeh₁- + *-os. Cognate with Lithuanian samdà (“rent”), Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhí, “connection, treaty, peace”). See *sǫdì (“judge”).
Noun
*sǫ̃dъ m[1]
- court of law
- trial
- verdict, judgment
Inflection
Declension of *sǫ̃dъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *sǫ̃dъ | *sǭdà | *sǭdì |
Accusative | *sǫ̃dъ | *sǭdà | *sǭdỳ |
Genitive | *sǭdà | *sǭdù | *sǫ̃dъ |
Locative | *sǭdě̀ | *sǭdù | *sǫ̃děxъ |
Dative | *sǭdù | *sǭdòma | *sǭdòmъ |
Instrumental | *sǭdъ̀mь, *sǭdòmь* | *sǭdòma | *sǫ̃dy |
Vocative | *sǫde | *sǭdà | *sǭdì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *sǫdì (“judge”)
- *sǭdìti (“to judge”)
- *sǫdi(li)šče (“court”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ), судъ (sudŭ)
- Old Ruthenian: судъ (sud)
- Belarusian: суд (sud)
- Ukrainian: суд (sud)
- Russian: суд (sud) (see there for further descendants)
- Old Ruthenian: судъ (sud)
- Old East Slavic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ), судъ (sudŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱄⱘⰴⱏ (sǫdŭ)
- Bulgarian: съд (sǎd), сънт (sǎnt) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: суд (sud)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: су̑д
- Latin: sȗd
- Chakavian (Vrgada): sũd
- Chakavian (Orbanići): sũt
- Slovene: sọ́d (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: súd
- Czech: soud
- Polish: sąd
- Slovak: súd
- Slovincian: sȯ́ų̯d
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: sud
- Lower Sorbian: sud
- Old Czech: súd
- Non-Slavic:
- → Lithuanian: sũdas
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “суд”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “суд”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sǫ́dъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463