Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫdъ

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sǫdъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sámdas, from Proto-Indo-European *som-dʰh₁-os, from *som- + *dʰeh₁- + *-os. Cognate with Lithuanian samdà (“rent”), Sanskrit सन्धि (sandhí, “connection, treaty, peace”). See *sǫdì (“judge”).

Noun

*sǫ̃dъ m[1]

1. court of law
2. trial
3. verdict, judgment

Inflection

Declension of *sǫ̃dъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*sǫ̃dъ	*sǭdà	*sǭdì
Accusative	*sǫ̃dъ	*sǭdà	*sǭdỳ
Genitive	*sǭdà	*sǭdù	*sǫ̃dъ
Locative	*sǭdě̀	*sǭdù	*sǫ̃děxъ
Dative	*sǭdù	*sǭdòma	*sǭdòmъ
Instrumental	*sǭdъ̀mь, *sǭdòmь*	*sǭdòma	*sǫ̃dy
Vocative	*sǫde	*sǭdà	*sǭdì

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

• *sǫdì (“judge”)
• *sǭdìti (“to judge”)
• *sǫdi(li)šče (“court”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ), судъ (sudŭ)
    • Old Ruthenian: судъ (sud)
      • Belarusian: суд (sud)
      • Ukrainian: суд (sud)
    • Russian: суд (sud) (see there for further descendants)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: сѫдъ (sǫdŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱄⱘⰴⱏ (sǫdŭ)

  • Bulgarian: съд (sǎd), сънт (sǎnt) (dialectal)
  • Macedonian: суд (sud)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic: су̑д

    Latin: sȗd

    • Chakavian (Vrgada): sũd
    • Chakavian (Orbanići): sũt
  • Slovene: sọ́d (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: súd
    • Czech: soud
  • Polish: sąd
  • Slovak: súd
  • Slovincian: sȯ́ų̯d
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: sud
    • Lower Sorbian: sud

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Lithuanian: sũdas

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “суд”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. (1993), “суд”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 216
• Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “суд”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sǫ́dъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 463