< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stьdza
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *stьga, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *stigāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *stigʰ-eh₂, from *steygʰ- (“to walk”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian stiga (“path”) and Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek στίχος (stíkhos), Proto-Germanic *stigaz.
Noun
*stьdzà f[1][2][3][4]
- path
Inflection
Declension of *stьdzà (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *stьdzà | *stь̀dzi | *stьdzę̇̀ |
| Accusative | *stьdzǫ̀ | *stь̀dzi | *stьdzę̇̀ |
| Genitive | *stьdzę̇̀ | *stьdzù | *stь̀dzь |
| Locative | *stьdzì | *stьdzù | *stьdzàsъ, *stьdzàxъ* |
| Dative | *stьdzì | *stьdzàma | *stьdzàmъ |
| Instrumental | *stьdzèjǫ, *stь̀dzǫ** | *stьdzàma | *stьdzàmī |
| Vocative | *stьdze | *stь̀dzi | *stьdzę̇̀ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Synonyms
- *stьgna (“path”)
See also
- *dorga (“road, way”)
- *pǫtь (“way”)
- *cěsta (“road”)
- *tropъ : *tropa
- *ulica (“street”)
Derived terms
- *stьžьka (“small path”)
Related terms
- *stignǫti (“to attain, reach, catch up with”)
- *stiťi (“to attain, reach, catch up with”)
- *stьgna (“path”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: стьза (stĭza), стьзꙗ (stĭzja)
- Russian: стезя́ (stezjá), стега́ (stegá), зга́ (zgá)
- Ukrainian: сте́жка (stéžka), стезя́ (stezjá)
- Old East Slavic: стьза (stĭza), стьзꙗ (stĭzja)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: стьѕа (stĭdza), стьза (stĭza)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ста̀за
- Latin: stàza
- Slovene: stəzȁ, stə̀za (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: stzě
- Czech: stez (poetic)
- Polabian: stadźă
- Old Polish: śćdza, śdza, stdza
- Old Czech: stzě
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “стезя”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “стезя”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 200
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “стезя”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stьdzà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 472: “f. jā ʻpathʼ”
- Derksen, Rick (2015), “stiga”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 551: “*stьdzà”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “stьʒa stьʒě”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b sti (PR 135)”
- Zaliznjak, Andrej A. (2014), “Drevnerusskoje udarenije. Obščije svedenija i slovarʹ”, in Languages of Slavic Culture (in Russian), Moscow: Institute for Slavic Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 593: “стезя́ — b...”