< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sokъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sakás, from Proto-Indo-European *sokʷós.
Noun
*sȍkъ m[1]
- juice
Inflection
Declension of *sȍkъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sȍkъ | *sȍka | *sȍci |
| Accusative | *sȍkъ | *sȍka | *sȍky |
| Genitive | *sȍka | *sokù | *sòkъ |
| Locative | *sȍcě | *sokù | *socě̃xъ |
| Dative | *sȍku | *sokomà | *sokòmъ |
| Instrumental | *sȍkъmь, *sȍkomь* | *sokomà | *soký |
| Vocative | *soče | *sȍka | *sȍci |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ)
- Old Ruthenian: сокъ (sok)
- Belarusian: сок (sok)
- Rusyn: сок (sok)
- Ukrainian: сік (sik); сок (sok), соч (soč) (dialectal)
- Russian: сок (sok), сокъ (sok)
- → Komi-Zyrian: сок (sok)
- → Yakut: сок (sok)
- Old Ruthenian: сокъ (sok)
- Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: сокъ (sokŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱄⱁⰽⱏ (sokŭ)
- Bulgarian: сок (sok)
- Macedonian: сок (sok)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: со̑к
- Latin: sȏk
- Slovene: sọ̑k (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: sok (dialectal)
- Old Polish: sok
- Polish: sok
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: sok
- Upper Sorbian: sok
Etymology 2
From Proto-Indo-European *sokʷ-ó-s, from Proto-Indo-European *sekʷ- (“to say”).
Noun
*sokъ m[2]
- accuser
Inflection
Declension of *sokъ (hard o-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sokъ | *soka | *soci |
| Accusative | *sokъ | *soka | *soky |
| Genitive | *soka | *soku | *sokъ |
| Locative | *socě | *soku | *socěxъ |
| Dative | *soku | *sokoma | *sokomъ |
| Instrumental | *sokъmь, *sokomь* | *sokoma | *soky |
| Vocative | *soče | *soka | *soci |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *sočìti (“to accuse, indict”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ, “accuser”)
- Russian: сок (sok, “plaintiff”)
- Old East Slavic: сокъ (sokŭ, “accuser”)
- South Slavic:
- Church Slavonic: сокъ (sokŭ) (Russian recension)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: со̏к
- Latin: sȍk
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sok (“plaintiff”)
- Czech: sok (“rival”)
- Old Polish: sok (“slanderer, calumniator”)
- Slovak: sok (“rival”)
- Old Czech: sok (“plaintiff”)
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sȏkъ II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sokъ I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 459
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сок”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress