< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/snъxa
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *snušā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *snusós.
Noun
*snъxà f
- daughter-in-law
Declension
Declension of *snъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *snъxà | *snъ̀śě | *snъxỳ |
| Accusative | *snъxǫ̀ | *snъ̀śě | *snъxỳ |
| Genitive | *snъxỳ | *snъxù | *snъ̀xъ |
| Locative | *snъśě̀ | *snъxù | *snъxàsъ, *snъxàxъ* |
| Dative | *snъśě̀ | *snъxàma | *snъxàmъ |
| Instrumental | *snъxòjǫ, *snъ̀xǫ** | *snъxàma | *snъxàmī |
| Vocative | *snъxo | *snъ̀śě | *snъxỳ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Declension of *snъxà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *snъxà | *snъ̏śě | *snъ̏xy |
| Accusative | *snъ̏xǫ | *snъ̏śě | *snъ̏xy |
| Genitive | *snъxý | *snъxù | *snъ̀xъ |
| Locative | *snъ̏śě | *snъxù | *snъxàsъ, *snъxàxъ* |
| Dative | *snъśě̀ | *snъxàma | *snъxàmъ |
| Instrumental | *snъxojǫ́ | *snъxàma | *snъxàmi |
| Vocative | *snъxo | *snъ̏śě | *snъ̏xy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
| *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata | *mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
| sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
| child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
| grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana | *ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
| grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
| stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
| stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
| father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola | – (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola | – (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
| spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
| parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
| parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
| sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
| sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
| spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
| spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: снъха (snŭxa) (Serbian)
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: снъха (snŭxa, “daughter-in-law”)
- Belarusian: сныха́ (snyxá, “a lively girl”) (dialectal)
- Russian: сноха́ (snoxá, “(father's) daughter-in-law”), acc. сноху́ (snoxú)
- Old East Slavic: снъха (snŭxa, “daughter-in-law”)
- South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: снаха́ (snahá, “daughter-in-law, sister-in-law”)
- Macedonian: снаа (snaa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: сна̀ха, сна̀ја, сна́ша
- Latin: snàha, snàja, snáša
- → Czech: snacha
- Chakavian (Novi): snahȁ, acc. snahȕ
- Kajkavian (Bednja): snīēhȍ, acc. snȋeho, snehoȗ
- Slovene: snáha, snéha (“daughter-in-law, bride”) (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Polish: snecha
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “сноха́”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 182
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*snъxà”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 458
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сноха́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress