< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/smьjati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *smijàti (later form)
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *smīˀ-, *smai-, from Proto-Indo-European *smey-. Cognate with Latvian smiêt (“to mock”), 1sg. smeju, smiêtiês (“to laugh”), smaĩdît (“to mock”) (also Eastern dialect smaîdinât), smîdînât (“to make someone laugh”) (also Western dialect smĩdînât), smĩnêt (“to smile”). Also cognate with Sanskrit स्मयते (smáyate, “to smile, to laugh”), Ancient Greek μειδάω (meidáō), μειδιάω (meidiáō, “to smile”), φιλο-μμειδής (philo-mmeidḗs, “smiling gladly”) (Homeric), Tocharian A smimāṃ (“smiling”), English smile, Latin mīrus (“wonderful”). Per Derksen, the Balto-Slavic acute is an innovation.
Verb
*smьjàti impf
- to laugh
Inflection
Conjugation of *smьjati, *smьja, *smějetь (impf., -a/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *smьjanьje | *smьjati | *smьjatъ | *smьjalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *smьjanъ | *smějemъ |
| Active | *smьjavъ | *směję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *smьjaxъ | *smьja | *smьja | *smějǫ | *směješi | *smějetь |
| Dual | *smьjaxově | *smьjasta | *smьjaste | *smějevě | *smějeta | *smějete |
| Plural | *smьjaxomъ | *smьjaste | *smьjašę | *smějemъ | *smějete | *smějǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *smьjaaxъ | *smьjaaše | *smьjaaše | — | *směji | *směji |
| Dual | *smьjaaxově | *smьjaašeta | *smьjaašete | *smějivě | *smějita | — |
| Plural | *smьjaaxomъ | *smьjaašete | *smьjaaxǫ | *smějimъ | *smějite | — |
Related terms
- *smě̑xъ (“laughter”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: смиꙗти (smijati), смѣꙗти (smějati)
- Belarusian: смяя́цца (smjajácca)
- Russian: смея́ться (smejátʹsja)
- Rusyn: смяти (smjaty)
- Ukrainian: смія́тися (smijátysja)
- Old East Slavic: смиꙗти (smijati), смѣꙗти (smějati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: смиꙗти (smijati)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: сме́я (sméja)
- Macedonian: смее (smee)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: смѐјати
- Latin: smèjati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): smījȁti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): smejãt
- Chakavian (Hvar): smījȁt
- Slovene: smejáti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: smieti
- Czech: smát
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): smít
- Czech: smát
- Slovak: smiať
- Polish: śmiać
- Silesian: śmiŏć
- Kashubian: smiôc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: smjeć
- Lower Sorbian: smjaś
- Old Czech: smieti
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 456
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “смею́сь”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “смея́ться”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 179