< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/skopiti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *skop- (“to grave, to cut, to strike”) + *-iti. Parallel to Proto-Slavic *kopati (“to dig, to grave”). Possibly of expressive origin, comparable with Proto-Indo-European *skabʰ- (“to shave, to shear”) > Proto-Germanic *skabaną.
Seems to be related to Lithuanian skõpti (“to cut, to grave”), however, the root grades do not match.
Verb
*skopiti impf[1][2]
- to castrate, to geld
Inflection
Conjugation of *skopiti (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *skopľenьje | *skopiti | *skopitъ | *skopilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *skopľenъ | *skopimъ |
| Active | *skopľь | *skopę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *skopixъ | *skopi | *skopi | *skopľǫ | *skopiši | *skopitь |
| Dual | *skopixově | *skopista | *skopiste | *skopivě | *skopita | *skopite |
| Plural | *skopixomъ | *skopiste | *skopišę | *skopimъ | *skopite | *skopętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *skopľaaxъ | *skopľaaše | *skopľaaše | — | *skopi | *skopi |
| Dual | *skopľaaxově | *skopľaašeta | *skopľaašete | *skopivě | *skopita | — |
| Plural | *skopľaaxomъ | *skopľaašete | *skopľaaxǫ | *skopimъ | *skopite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*skopivъ is later doublet of past active participle
Derived terms
- *skopьcь (“eunuch, castrated animal”)
- *skopakъ (“gelding (castrated horse)”)
Related terms
- *ščepa (“woodchips”) (probably)
- *ščepati (“to chip”)
- *ščepiti (“to chop, to pinch”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: скопи́ть (skopítʹ)
- Ukrainian: скопи́ти (skopýty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: скопити (skopiti)
- → Romanian: scopi
- Bulgarian: скопя̀ (skopjà)
- Macedonian: скопи (skopi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ско̀пити
- Latin: skòpiti
- Slovene: skopīti
- Old Church Slavonic: скопити (skopiti)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: skopiti
- Polish: skopić
- Slovak: skopiť
Further reading
- Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (2002), “скопя, скопявам”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 780
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “skopiti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*skopi̋ti”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “skopiti: skopjǫ skopitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c beskære, kastrere (PR 140)”