< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/siňь
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *sinъ
Etymology
Akin to *sinica (“titmouse”). According to some, the stem *sin- is also found in *prosinьcь (“December”), due to the darkness of December nights.
Further, the stem *sin- has been connected with the verb *sijati (“to shine”) and the adjective *sivъ (“gray”), with *sinъ reflecting Proto-Indo-European *(s)ḱHi-nós from *(s)ḱeh₁y- (“to shimmer”) or *(s)ḱeh₃y- (“to shade”). The yo-stem declension probably has spread from the ancient comparative in Proto-Indo-European *-yós, similar to Proto-Slavic *tęžьkъ (from an earlier *tęgъ(kъ)).
Adjective
*siňь
- blue, bluish, glaucous
- gray-blue, gray
- Synonym: *sivъ
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *siňь (soft)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *siňь | *siňa | *siňe |
| Accusative | *siňь | *siňǫ | *siňe |
| Genitive | *siňa | *siňę | *siňa |
| Locative | *siňi | *siňi | *siňi |
| Dative | *siňu | *siňi | *siňu |
| Instrumental | *siňemь | *siňejǫ | *siňemь |
| Vocative | *siňu | *siňe | *siňe |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| Accusative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| Genitive | *siňu | *siňu | *siňu |
| Locative | *siňu | *siňu | *siňu |
| Dative | *siňema | *siňama | *siňema |
| Instrumental | *siňema | *siňama | *siňema |
| Vocative | *siňa | *siňi | *siňi |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siňi | *siňę | *siňa |
| Accusative | *siňę | *siňę | *siňa |
| Genitive | *siňь | *siňь | *siňь |
| Locative | *siňixъ | *siňaxъ | *siňixъ |
| Dative | *siňemъ | *siňamъ | *siňemъ |
| Instrumental | *siňi | *siňami | *siňi |
| Vocative | *siňi | *siňę | *siňa |
Definite declension of *siňь (soft)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *siňьjь | *siňaja | *siňeje |
| Accusative | *siňьjь | *siňǫjǫ | *siňeje |
| Genitive | *siňajego | *siňęję | *siňajego |
| Locative | *siňijemь | *siňiji | *siňijemь |
| Dative | *siňujemu | *siňiji | *siňujemu |
| Instrumental | *siňijimi | *siňǫjǫ | *siňijimi |
| Vocative | *siňьjь | *siňaja | *siňeje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| Accusative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| Genitive | *siňuju | *siňuju | *siňuju |
| Locative | *siňuju | *siňuju | *siňuju |
| Dative | *siňijima | *siňijima | *siňijima |
| Instrumental | *siňijima | *siňijima | *siňijima |
| Vocative | *siňaja | *siňiji | *siňiji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *siňiji | *siňęję | *siňaja |
| Accusative | *siňęję | *siňęję | *siňaja |
| Genitive | *siňьjixъ | *siňьjixъ | *siňьjixъ |
| Locative | *siňijixъ | *siňijixъ | *siňijixъ |
| Dative | *siňijimъ | *siňijimъ | *siňijimъ |
| Instrumental | *siňijimi | *siňijimi | *siňijimi |
| Vocative | *siňiji | *siňęję | *siňaja |
See also
| *bělъ (of animals) *bronъ | *sivъ, *śěrъ, *śědъ | *čьrnъ, *smaglъ/*smǫglъ (of animals) *vornъ, *galъ |
| *čьrvenъ, *ryďь, *ruměnъ | *rudъ, *granivъ; *smědъ, (of animals) *gnědъ | *žьltъ (of animals) *solvъ; *polvъ |
| *zelenъ | *zelenъ, *grěnъ | |
| *polvъ | *siňь; *modrъ | |
| *slivъ | *bagrъ |
Derived terms
- *sinica (“titmouse”)
Descendants
- Old East Slavic: син҄ь (sinʹĭ)
- Belarusian: сі́ні (síni)
- Russian: си́ний (sínij)
- Ukrainian: си́ній (sýnij)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: син҄ь (sinʹĭ)
- Unspecified:
- Bulgarian: син (sin)
- Macedonian: син (sin), сињ (sinj)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: си̑њӣ
- Latin: sȋnjī
- Slovene: sínji, sȋnji (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: siný
- Polish: siny
- Slovak: siný
Further reading
- Gluhak, Alemko (1993) Hrvatski etimološki rječnik (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, page 548
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “си́ний”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (2002), “син²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 655