< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/sedmъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Alternative reconstructions
- *sedьmъ[1] (Černyx)
Etymology
From earlier *sebdmъ < *septmъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *septmas, from Proto-Indo-European *septmós.
Baltic cognates includeLithuanian septiñtas (“seventh”),Latvian septîts (“seventh”),Old Prussian septmas (“seventh”).
Indo-European cognates includeSanskrit सप्तम (saptamá, “seventh”),Ancient Greek ἕβδομος (hébdomos, “seventh”),Latin septimus (“seventh”),Proto-Germanic *sebundô (> Old High German sibunto).
Adjective
| ← 6 | 7 | 8 → |
|---|---|---|
| Cardinal: *sedmь Ordinal: *sedmъ Adverbial: *sedmь kortь Multiplier: *sedmerъnъ, *sedmь kortьnъ Collective: *sedmero Fractional: *sedmina | ||
*sedmъ[2]
- seventh
Inflection
Indefinite declension of *sedmъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sedmъ | *sedma | *sedmo |
| Accusative | *sedmъ | *sedmǫ | *sedmo |
| Genitive | *sedma | *sedmy | *sedma |
| Locative | *sedmě | *sedmě | *sedmě |
| Dative | *sedmu | *sedmě | *sedmu |
| Instrumental | *sedmomь | *sedmojǫ | *sedmomь |
| Vocative | *sedme | *sedmo | *sedmo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sedma | *sedmě | *sedmě |
| Accusative | *sedma | *sedmě | *sedmě |
| Genitive | *sedmu | *sedmu | *sedmu |
| Locative | *sedmu | *sedmu | *sedmu |
| Dative | *sedmoma | *sedmama | *sedmoma |
| Instrumental | *sedmoma | *sedmama | *sedmoma |
| Vocative | *sedma | *sedmě | *sedmě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sedmi | *sedmy | *sedma |
| Accusative | *sedmy | *sedmy | *sedma |
| Genitive | *sedmъ | *sedmъ | *sedmъ |
| Locative | *sedměxъ | *sedmaxъ | *sedměxъ |
| Dative | *sedmomъ | *sedmamъ | *sedmomъ |
| Instrumental | *sedmy | *sedmami | *sedmy |
| Vocative | *sedmi | *sedmy | *sedma |
Definite declension of *sedmъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *sedmъjь | *sedmaja | *sedmoje |
| Accusative | *sedmъjь | *sedmǫjǫ | *sedmoje |
| Genitive | *sedmajego | *sedmyję | *sedmajego |
| Locative | *sedmějemь | *sedměji | *sedmějemь |
| Dative | *sedmujemu | *sedměji | *sedmujemu |
| Instrumental | *sedmyjimi | *sedmǫjǫ | *sedmyjimi |
| Vocative | *sedmъjь | *sedmaja | *sedmoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sedmaja | *sedměji | *sedměji |
| Accusative | *sedmaja | *sedměji | *sedměji |
| Genitive | *sedmuju | *sedmuju | *sedmuju |
| Locative | *sedmuju | *sedmuju | *sedmuju |
| Dative | *sedmyjima | *sedmyjima | *sedmyjima |
| Instrumental | *sedmyjima | *sedmyjima | *sedmyjima |
| Vocative | *sedmaja | *sedměji | *sedměji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *sedmiji | *sedmyję | *sedmaja |
| Accusative | *sedmyję | *sedmyję | *sedmaja |
| Genitive | *sedmъjixъ | *sedmъjixъ | *sedmъjixъ |
| Locative | *sedmyjixъ | *sedmyjixъ | *sedmyjixъ |
| Dative | *sedmyjimъ | *sedmyjimъ | *sedmyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *sedmyjimi | *sedmyjimi | *sedmyjimi |
| Vocative | *sedmiji | *sedmyję | *sedmaja |
Derived terms
- *sedmь (“seven”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: семъ (semŭ), седмъ (sedmŭ), седьмъ (sedĭmŭ)
- Belarusian: сёмы (sjómy)
- Russian: седьмо́й (sedʹmój), сёмый (sjómyj), семо́й (semój)
- Ukrainian: сьо́мий (sʹómyj)
- Old East Slavic: семъ (semŭ), седмъ (sedmŭ), седьмъ (sedĭmŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: седмъ (sedmŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱄⰵⰴⰿⱏ (sedmŭ)
- Bulgarian: се́дми (sédmi)
- Macedonian: седми (sedmi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: се̑дмӣ
- Latin: sȇdmī
- Chakavian (Vrgada): sẽdmī
- Chakavian (Novi): sédmī, sédmi
- Chakavian (Orbanići): sⁱẽdmi
- Slovene: sẹ́dmi (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sedmý
- Czech: sedmý
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): sídmyj
- Czech: sedmý
- Polabian: sedmĕ
- Polish: siódmy
- Slovak: siedmy
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: sedmy
- Lower Sorbian: sedymy
- Old Czech: sedmý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “седьмой”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “седьмой”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “седмꙑи, седьмꙑи”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 3: Р – Ꙗ и дополненія, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, седьмꙑи column 322
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1912), “семꙑи”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 3: Р – Ꙗ и дополненія, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 332
References
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “восемь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 168
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*sèdmъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 443: “num. o ‘seventh’”