< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/samъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *sāmas, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós.
Pronoun
*samъ
- self, oneself, alone
Declension
Declension of *samъ (hard pronominal)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *samъ | *sama | *samo |
Accusative | *samъ | *samǫ | *samo |
Genitive | *samogo | *samoję | *samogo |
Locative | *samomь | *samojь | *samomь |
Dative | *samomu | *samojь | *samomu |
Instrumental | *saměmь | *samojǫ | *saměmь |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *sama | *samě | *samě |
Accusative | *sama | *samě | *samě |
Genitive | *samoju | *samoju | *samoju |
Locative | *samoju | *samoju | *samoju |
Dative | *saměma | *saměma | *saměma |
Instrumental | *saměma | *saměma | *saměma |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
Nominative | *sami | *samy | *sama |
Accusative | *samy | *samy | *sama |
Genitive | *saměxъ | *saměxъ | *saměxъ |
Locative | *saměxъ | *saměxъ | *saměxъ |
Dative | *saměmъ | *saměmъ | *saměmъ |
Instrumental | *saměmi | *saměmi | *saměmi |
Derived terms
- *samota (“loneliness”)
- *samotьnъ (“lonely”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: самъ (samŭ)
- Belarusian: сам (sam)
- Russian: сам (sam)
- Ukrainian: сам (sam)
- Old Novgorodian: саме (same)
- Old East Slavic: самъ (samŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: самъ (samŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱄⰰⰿⱏ (samŭ)
- Bulgarian: сам (sam)
- Macedonian: сам (sam)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: са̑м
- Latin: sȃm
- Slovene: sam
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: sám
- Czech: sám
- Slovak: sám
- Polish: sam
- Silesian: sōm
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: sam
- Lower Sorbian: sam
- Old Czech: sám
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сам”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress