< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pьsъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Unknown. There are several proposals:
- Connection of the stem *pьs- with the root of *pьstrъ (“variegated”), and thus ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *piḱ- (whence also Sanskrit पिशङ्ग (piśáṅga, “reddish, tawny”), पिश (piśá, “a sort of deer”)), the zero-grade of *peyḱ- (“to paint, mark”) (whence *pьsati (“to write”)). Thus the semantic shift occurred "spotted" > "dog".
- Proto-Indo-European *pḱ-o-, the zero-grade of the root *speḱ- (“to see, watch”) (by Meillet).
- Proto-Indo-European *pḱ-u-; compare Sanskrit पशु (páśu, “cattle”).
Noun
*pь̀sъ m[1]
- dog
- Synonym: *cucьkъ
Declension
Declension of *pь̀sъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *pь̀sъ | *pьsà | *pьsì |
| Accusative | *pь̀sъ | *pьsà | *pьsỳ |
| Genitive | *pьsà | *pьsù | *pь̀sъ |
| Locative | *pьsě̀ | *pьsù | *pь̀sěxъ |
| Dative | *pьsù | *pьsòma | *pьsòmъ |
| Instrumental | *pьsъ̀mь, *pьsòmь* | *pьsòma | *pь̀sy |
| Vocative | *pьse | *pьsà | *pьsì |
* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.
Derived terms
- *pьsьjь (“doggy, canine”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: пьсъ (pĭsŭ), песъ (pesŭ)
- Belarusian: пёс (pjos)
- Russian: пёс (pjos)
- Rusyn: пес (pes)
- Ukrainian: пес (pes)
- Old East Slavic: пьсъ (pĭsŭ), песъ (pesŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: пьсъ (pĭsŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱂⱐⱄⱏ (pĭsŭ)
- Bulgarian: пес (pes)
- Macedonian: пес (pes)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: па̏с
- Latin: pȁs
- Chakavian (Vrgada): pȁs
- Kajkavian (Bednja): pȅs
- Slovene: pə̏s (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: pes
- Czech: pes
- Kashubian: pies
- Polabian: ṕås
- Polish: pies
- Slovak: pes
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: pjas
- Upper Sorbian: pos
- Old Czech: pes
Further reading
- Gluhak, Alemko (1993) Hrvatski etimološki rječnik (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, page 468f
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пес”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*pь̀sъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 431