< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pľugavъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Consensus leans towards expressive origin. Per Brückner, probably related to Proto-Slavic *pľuti, *pľьvati (“to spew”).
Polish and Czech descendants appear to have been influenced by Proto-Slavic *plužiti (“to drag along the ground”) (Czech ploužiti, Old Polish płużyć), typically viewed as unrelated.
Adjective
*pľugàvъ
- nasty, vile, sleazy
- Synonyms: *gadьnъ, *gnǫsьnъ
Declension
Indefinite declension of *pľugavъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *pľugàvъ | *pľugàva | *pľugàvo |
| Accusative | *pľugàvъ | *pľugàvǫ | *pľugàvo |
| Genitive | *pľugàva | *pľugàvy | *pľugàva |
| Locative | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvě |
| Dative | *pľugàvu | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvu |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvomь | *pľugàvojǫ | *pľugàvomь |
| Vocative | *pľugàve | *pľugàvo | *pľugàvo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *pľugàva | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvě |
| Accusative | *pľugàva | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvě |
| Genitive | *pľugàvu | *pľugàvu | *pľugàvu |
| Locative | *pľugàvu | *pľugàvu | *pľugàvu |
| Dative | *pľugàvoma | *pľugàvama | *pľugàvoma |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvoma | *pľugàvama | *pľugàvoma |
| Vocative | *pľugàva | *pľugàvě | *pľugàvě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *pľugàvi | *pľugàvy | *pľugàva |
| Accusative | *pľugàvy | *pľugàvy | *pľugàva |
| Genitive | *pľugàvъ | *pľugàvъ | *pľugàvъ |
| Locative | *pľugàvěxъ | *pľugàvaxъ | *pľugàvěxъ |
| Dative | *pľugàvomъ | *pľugàvamъ | *pľugàvomъ |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvy | *pľugàvami | *pľugàvy |
| Vocative | *pľugàvi | *pľugàvy | *pľugàva |
Definite declension of *pľugavъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *pľugàvъjь | *pľugàvaja | *pľugàvoje |
| Accusative | *pľugàvъjь | *pľugàvǫjǫ | *pľugàvoje |
| Genitive | *pľugàvajego | *pľugàvyję | *pľugàvajego |
| Locative | *pľugàvějemь | *pľugàvěji | *pľugàvějemь |
| Dative | *pľugàvujemu | *pľugàvěji | *pľugàvujemu |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvyjimi | *pľugàvǫjǫ | *pľugàvyjimi |
| Vocative | *pľugàvъjь | *pľugàvaja | *pľugàvoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *pľugàvaja | *pľugàvěji | *pľugàvěji |
| Accusative | *pľugàvaja | *pľugàvěji | *pľugàvěji |
| Genitive | *pľugàvuju | *pľugàvuju | *pľugàvuju |
| Locative | *pľugàvuju | *pľugàvuju | *pľugàvuju |
| Dative | *pľugàvyjima | *pľugàvyjima | *pľugàvyjima |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvyjima | *pľugàvyjima | *pľugàvyjima |
| Vocative | *pľugàvaja | *pľugàvěji | *pľugàvěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *pľugàviji | *pľugàvyję | *pľugàvaja |
| Accusative | *pľugàvyję | *pľugàvyję | *pľugàvaja |
| Genitive | *pľugàvъjixъ | *pľugàvъjixъ | *pľugàvъjixъ |
| Locative | *pľugàvyjixъ | *pľugàvyjixъ | *pľugàvyjixъ |
| Dative | *pľugàvyjimъ | *pľugàvyjimъ | *pľugàvyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *pľugàvyjimi | *pľugàvyjimi | *pľugàvyjimi |
| Vocative | *pľugàviji | *pľugàvyję | *pľugàvaja |
Derived terms
- *pľugaviti, *pľugavěti
- *pľugavьcь (agent noun)
- *pľugavikъ m, *pľugavъka f (“creep, rodent”)
- *pľugavьstvo (abstract noun)
Related terms
- *pľuskъ, *pľuxъ (“splash, slap”) (onomatopoeic)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: плюга́вый (pljugávyj)[1]
- Belarusian: плюга́вы (pljuhávy)
- Ukrainian: плюга́вий (pljuhávyj)
- Russian: плюга́вый (pljugávyj)
- Old Ruthenian: плюга́вый (pljugávyj)[1]
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: plíhavý
- Czech: plihavý, plouhavý
- Polish: plugawy
- Slovak: pľuhavý
- Old Czech: plíhavý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “плюгавый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (2003), “плюгавий”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), volume 4 (Н – П), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 458
- Tsykhun, G. A., editor (2004), “плюга́вы”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volume 9 (пе-пе-пе – прасна́к), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN
References
- Bulyka, A. M., editor (2005), “плюгавый”, in Гістарычны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Historical Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), issue 24 (паприца – побужоный), Minsk: Belaruskaia navuka, →ISBN, page 385