Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/prǫgъ

< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/prǫgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *(s)prangas, from late Proto-Indo-European *(s)prongʰós (“bouncer, hopper”), from *(s)pergʰ-. Cognate with Old High German houuespranca (“locust”).

Noun

*prǫgъ m[1]

1. locust (orthopteran insect)

Inflection

Declension of *prǫgъ (hard o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*prǫgъ	*prǫga	*prǫdzi
Accusative	*prǫgъ	*prǫga	*prǫgy
Genitive	*prǫga	*prǫgu	*prǫgъ
Locative	*prǫdzě	*prǫgu	*prǫdzěxъ
Dative	*prǫgu	*prǫgoma	*prǫgomъ
Instrumental	*prǫgъmь, *prǫgomь*	*prǫgoma	*prǫgy
Vocative	*prǫže	*prǫga	*prǫdzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: пругъ (prugŭ)
    • Russian: пруг (prug) (archaic)
    • Ukrainian: пруг (pruh)
      • ⇒ Ukrainian: пруc (pruc)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic:

    Old Cyrillic: прѫгъ (prǫgŭ)

    Glagolitic: ⱂⱃⱘⰳⱏ (prǫgŭ)

  • Bulgarian: пръг (prǎg) (archaic)

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пруг”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (1996), “пръг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 816

Etymology 2

Deverbial instrumental noun from *prǫgati (“to bounce, to strain, to release tension”) +‎ *-ъ. Morphologically identical with Etymology 1, but possibly diachronically distinct.

Noun

*prǫ̑gъ m[2]

1. elastic object/tool/ornament (object that can absorb tension)
2. (by extension) link, splice

Inflection

Declension of *prǫ̑gъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*prǫ̑gъ	*prǫ̑ga	*prǫ̑dzi
Accusative	*prǫ̑gъ	*prǫ̑ga	*prǫ̑gy
Genitive	*prǫ̑ga	*prǫgù	*prǫ̃gъ
Locative	*prǫ̑dzě	*prǫgù	*prǫdzě̃xъ
Dative	*prǫ̑gu	*prǫgomà	*prǫgòmъ
Instrumental	*prǫ̑gъmь, *prǫ̑gomь*	*prǫgomà	*prǫgý
Vocative	*prǫže	*prǫ̑ga	*prǫ̑dzi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

• *prǫžiti (“to prance, to recoil”)
  • *prǫžina (“spring, coil”)
• *prǫžьcь (diminutive)
• *naprǫgъ
• *oprǫgъ, *uprǫgъ
• *sǫprǫgъ m, *sǫprǫga f (“spouse”)

Related terms

• *pręgťi (“to contract, to conjugate”)
• *pręgъ (“linkage, framework”)
• *prǫga (“frame, band”)
• *prǫgati (“to bounce, to spring”)
  • *prǫgavъ (“agile”)
  • *prǫgačь (“prancy element”)
• *prǫglo (“shackle, snare”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: пруг (pruh, “ornament in weaving”)
  • Ukrainian: пруг (pruh, “brim, verge”)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: пръг (prǎg, “elastic tool/object”) (dialectal)
• West Slavic:
  • Czech: pruh (“stripe”)
  • Polish: pręg (“stripe”)
  • Slovak: pruh (“stripe”)

Further reading

• Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (1996), “пръг”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 816
• пруг in Горох.ua (Етимологія)

References

1. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*prǫgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 422: “m. o ‘locust’”
2. Olander, Thomas (2001), “prǫgъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c høtyv (PR 137)”