< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/počivati
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Iterative of *počiti (“to rest”) + *-vati, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷyeh₁-. Probably originally meaning to repose, to stay still - a meaning attested in Indo-European cognates such as Latin quiēscō (“to repose, to rest”), Proto-Germanic *hwīlāną (“to pause for a while”).
Verb
*počivati impf (perfective *počinǫti)
- to rest, to take a break
- (figuratively) to die, to pass away
Inflection
Conjugation of *počivati (impf., -V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*počivatьje | *počivati | *počivatъ | *počivalъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *počivatъ | *počivajemъ |
Active | *počivavъ | *počivaję |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *počivaxъ | *počiva | *počiva | *počivajǫ | *počivaješi | *počivajetь |
Dual | *počivaxově | *počivasta | *počivaste | *počivajevě | *počivajeta | *počivajete |
Plural | *počivaxomъ | *počivaste | *počivašę | *počivajemъ | *počivajete | *počivajǫtь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *počivaaxъ | *počivaaše | *počivaaše | — | *počivaji | *počivaji |
Dual | *počivaaxově | *počivaašeta | *počivaašete | *počivajivě | *počivajita | — |
Plural | *počivaaxomъ | *počivaašete | *počivaaxǫ | *počivajimъ | *počivajite | — |
Derived terms
- *jьzpočivati
- *otъpočivati
- *sъpočivati
Related terms
- *pokojь (“rest”)
- *sъpokojьnъ (“calm, composed”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Russian: почива́ть (počivátʹ)
- Ukrainian: спочива́ти (spočyváty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: почивати (počivati)
- Bulgarian: почи́вам (počívam)
- Macedonian: почива (počiva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: почѝвати
- Latin: počìvati
- Slovene: počívati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Polish: poczywać
- Polish: odpoczywać
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: wótpočywaś
- Upper Sorbian: wotpočować
- Old Polish: poczywać
Further reading
- Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (1996), “почивам, почина”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 567
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “počìvati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN