< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/polnъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *palˀnas, from Proto-Indo-European *polh₂-no-s, metathesis of *ploh₂-no-s, from *pleh₂- (“flat”). Baltic cognates include Latvian plāns (“thin, delicate, poor”), Lithuanian plónas (“thin, delicate, rare”).
Adjective
*pȏlnъ
(Western dialectal)
- without growth on it, barren, fruitless
- flat, plain, even, smooth
- fruitless, vain, otiose
Inflection
Accent paradigm с.
Indefinite declension of *polnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *polnъ | *polna | *polno |
| Accusative | *polnъ | *polnǫ | *polno |
| Genitive | *polna | *polny | *polna |
| Locative | *polně | *polně | *polně |
| Dative | *polnu | *polně | *polnu |
| Instrumental | *polnomь | *polnojǫ | *polnomь |
| Vocative | *polne | *polno | *polno |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polna | *polně | *polně |
| Accusative | *polna | *polně | *polně |
| Genitive | *polnu | *polnu | *polnu |
| Locative | *polnu | *polnu | *polnu |
| Dative | *polnoma | *polnama | *polnoma |
| Instrumental | *polnoma | *polnama | *polnoma |
| Vocative | *polna | *polně | *polně |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polni | *polny | *polna |
| Accusative | *polny | *polny | *polna |
| Genitive | *polnъ | *polnъ | *polnъ |
| Locative | *polněxъ | *polnaxъ | *polněxъ |
| Dative | *polnomъ | *polnamъ | *polnomъ |
| Instrumental | *polny | *polnami | *polny |
| Vocative | *polni | *polny | *polna |
Definite declension of *polnъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *polnъjь | *polnaja | *polnoje |
| Accusative | *polnъjь | *polnǫjǫ | *polnoje |
| Genitive | *polnajego | *polnyję | *polnajego |
| Locative | *polnějemь | *polněji | *polnějemь |
| Dative | *polnujemu | *polněji | *polnujemu |
| Instrumental | *polnyjimi | *polnǫjǫ | *polnyjimi |
| Vocative | *polnъjь | *polnaja | *polnoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polnaja | *polněji | *polněji |
| Accusative | *polnaja | *polněji | *polněji |
| Genitive | *polnuju | *polnuju | *polnuju |
| Locative | *polnuju | *polnuju | *polnuju |
| Dative | *polnyjima | *polnyjima | *polnyjima |
| Instrumental | *polnyjima | *polnyjima | *polnyjima |
| Vocative | *polnaja | *polněji | *polněji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *polniji | *polnyję | *polnaja |
| Accusative | *polnyję | *polnyję | *polnaja |
| Genitive | *polnъjixъ | *polnъjixъ | *polnъjixъ |
| Locative | *polnyjixъ | *polnyjixъ | *polnyjixъ |
| Dative | *polnyjimъ | *polnyjimъ | *polnyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *polnyjimi | *polnyjimi | *polnyjimi |
| Vocative | *polniji | *polnyję | *polnaja |
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Slovene: plȃn
- West Slavic:
- Czech: planý
- Polish: płonny
- Slovak: planý
- Slovincian: płony
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: płony
References
- Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “płonny”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN, pages 445–446
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “polnъ polno polna”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 109)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “plȃn”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN