< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pertiti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Causative derivative of *pertъ (“trim, ordered”) + *-iti, commonly interpreted as a t-extension of Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to propel, forwards”).
Verb
pertíti impf (perfective *pertnǫti)[1]
- to order
- to forbid, to ban
- to oppose
Inflection
Conjugation of *pertiti, *perti, *pertitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*perťenьje | *pertiti | *pertitъ | *pertilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *perťenъ | *pertimъ |
Active | *perťь | *pertę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *pertixъ | *perti | *perti | *perťǫ | *pertiši | *pertitь |
Dual | *pertixově | *pertista | *pertiste | *pertivě | *pertita | *pertite |
Plural | *pertixomъ | *pertiste | *pertišę | *pertimъ | *pertite | *pertętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *perťaaxъ | *perťaaše | *perťaaše | — | *perti | *perti |
Dual | *perťaaxově | *perťaašeta | *perťaašete | *pertivě | *pertita | — |
Plural | *perťaaxomъ | *perťaašete | *perťaaxǫ | *pertimъ | *pertite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*pertivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *pertьnъ (“arranged, organized”)
- *perti (“to oppose”)
- *portiti (“to propel, to send”)
- *pъrtiti (“to expire”)
Derived terms
- *pertъka (“texture”)
- *zapertiti (“to prohibit”)
- *vъzpertiti (“to obstruct”)
- *otъpertiti (“to evict”)
Descendants
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: прѣтити (prětiti)
- → Russian: прети́ть (pretítʹ)
- Bulgarian: претя (pretja, “to command, to order”)
- → Macedonian: претне (pretne, “to move, to stir”)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: прије́тити (“to threaten”)
- Latin: prijétiti (“to threaten”)
- Slovene: pretīti (“to threaten”)
- Old Church Slavonic: прѣтити (prětiti)
- West Slavic:
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: pśěśiś
- Sorbian:
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “претить”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editor (1996), “претя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 680
References
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “pretīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*perti̋ti”