< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ova
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From the determiner *ovъ. Possibly related to the interjection *uvy.
Determiner
*ova
- feminine singular nominative of *ovъ: this new one
Interjection
*ova or *ovo
- Used to emphasize or draw attention to something, often with a notch of disappointment: aw! oy!
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old Ruthenian: ов (ov), оу (ou)
- Ukrainian: овва́ (ovvá)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: оввакало (ovvakalo)
- Ukrainian: овва́ (ovvá)
- Old Ruthenian: ов (ov), оу (ou)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: о̏во, е̏во
- Latin: ȍvo, ȅvo
- Serbo-Croatian:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ova
- ⇒ Old Czech: ova tu, ova neb(o)
- Czech: ouve
- ⇒ Czech: ouvech, ouvej, ovej, ovaj
- Old Polish: owa
- Polish: owwa; owo, ow (obsolete); owa (dialectal)
- Old Slovak: óvi
- Slovak: óvi
- Old Czech: ova
Further reading
- Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*ova / *ovo”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 185
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “овва́”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
Etymology 2
Probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂éwh₂s. Compare Latin ava (“maternal aunt; wife of uncle”), avus (“grandfather”), avia (“grandmother”), Old Armenian հաւ (haw, “grandfather”), Proto-Germanic *awǭ (> Gothic 𐌰𐍅𐍉 (awō, “grandmother”)).
Noun
*ova f
- grandmother
Declension
Declension of *ova (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ova | *ově | *ovy |
| Accusative | *ovǫ | *ově | *ovy |
| Genitive | *ovy | *ovu | *ovъ |
| Locative | *ově | *ovu | *ovasъ, *ovaxъ* |
| Dative | *ově | *ovama | *ovamъ |
| Instrumental | *ovojǫ, *ovǫ** | *ovama | *ovami |
| Vocative | *ovo | *ově | *ovy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
See also
Proto-Slavic family terms
| *sěmьja, *rodina (“family”) | Male | Female |
|---|---|---|
| parent | *otъ, *otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata | *mati (“mother”) nursery: *mama |
| sibling | *bratrъ (“brother”) | *sestra (“sister”) |
| child | *synъ (“son”) | *dъťi (“daughter”) |
| grandparent | – (“grandfather”) nursery: *dědъ; *nana | *ova (“grandmother”) nursery: *baba; *nena |
| grandchild | *vъnukъ (“grandson”) | *vъnuka (“granddaughter”) |
| stepparent | *otьčimъ (“stepfather”) | *maťexa (“stepmother”) |
| stepchild | *pastorъkъ (“stepson”) | *pastorъka (“stepdaughter”) |
| father's sibling | *strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola | – (“paternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| mother's sibling | *ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery: *dada; *lola | – (“maternal aunt”) nursery: *teta; *lelja |
| sibling's child | *netьjь (“nephew”) | *nestera (“niece”) |
| spouse | *mǫžь (“husband”) | *žena (“wife”) |
| parent of wife | *tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) | *tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”) |
| parent of husband | *svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”) | *svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”) |
| sibling of wife | *šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”) | *svěstь, *svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”) |
| sibling of husband | *děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”) | *zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”) |
| spouse of child | *zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”) | *snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”) |
| spouse of husband's brother | – | *ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”) |
Related terms
- *ujь (“maternal uncle”)
Descendants
- West Slavic:
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: wowa
- ⇒ Upper Sorbian: wowka (“grandmother”), wowcyny (“grandmother's”)
- Lower Sorbian: wówa (“grandmother”)
- Upper Sorbian: wowa
- Sorbian:
Further reading
- Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2014), “*ova”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 39 (*otъtęti – *ozgǫba), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 184
- Schuster-Šewc, Heinz (1978-94) Historisch-etymolo-gisches Wörterbuch der ober- und niedersorbischen Sprache. 5 vols, Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag