< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ota
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-atā́ˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-otéh₂, encountered in Sanskrit दीर्घ (dīrgha, “long”) : दीर्घता (dīrghatā, “length, longness”).
Suffix
*-otà f
- Deadjectival, forming abstract nouns denoting the specified attribute; -ness
- Synonyms: *-ina, *-ostь
- *dьlgъ (“long”) → *dьlgota (“length”)
- *golъ (“bare, naked”) → *golotа (“nakedness”)
- *slěpъ (“blind”) → *slěpota (“blindness”)
- *bělъ (“white”) → *bělota (“whiteness”)
- *ostrъ (“sharp”) → *ostrota (“sharpness”)
- Deadjectival, forming gauge nouns measuring the specified attribute; -ity, -th
- *gǫstъ (“dense”) → *gǫstota (“density”)
- *čęstъ (“frequent”) → *čęstota (“frequency”)
- *širokъ (“wide”) → *širota (“width”)
- *teplъ (“warm, hot”) → *teplota (“heat, temperature”)
- Deadjectival, forming agent nouns carrying the specified attribute
- *sirъ (“sorrow”) → *sirota (“orphan”)
- *junъ (“young”) → *junota (“youth”)
- *pěxъ (“pedestrian”) → *pěxota (“infantry”)
- Denominal, forming activities or abstractions
- *orbъ (“servant, slave”) → *orbota (“work”)
- *tъska (“depression, compression”) → *tъščь (“concavity”) → *tъščeta (“damage”)
- *krasa (“decoration, splender”) → *krasota (“beauty”)
- *sormъ (“shame”) → *sormota (“embarrassment, disgrace”)
Declension
Declension of *-ota (hard a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-ota | *-otě | *-oty |
Accusative | *-otǫ | *-otě | *-oty |
Genitive | *-oty | *-otu | *-otъ |
Locative | *-otě | *-otu | *-otasъ, *-otaxъ* |
Dative | *-otě | *-otama | *-otamъ |
Instrumental | *-otojǫ, *-otǫ** | *-otama | *-otami |
Vocative | *-oto | *-otě | *-oty |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *-otъ m
- *-otь (i-stem)
- *-ъtъ
Derived terms
Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ota
Descendants
- Church Slavonic: -ота (-ota)
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -ота (-ota)
- Belarusian: -ата (-ata), -о́та (-óta)
- Russian: -ота́ (-otá)
- Ukrainian: -о́та (-óta), -ота́ (-otá)
- Old East Slavic: -ота (-ota)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: -ота (-ota)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: -ота́ (-otá)
- Macedonian: -ота (-ota)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: -о̀та
- Latin: -òta
- Slovene: -óta, -ọ̑ta (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: -ota
- Czech: -ota
- Old Polish: -ota
- Polish: -ota
- Polabian: -ötă
- Slovak: -ota
- Slovincian:
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: -ota
- Lower Sorbian: -ota
- Old Czech: -ota
References
- St. Stoyanov (1983): "-отà" in Граматика на съвременния Български книжовен език, vol. II Морфология (in Bulgarian), Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 63
- Trubachyov, Oleg, Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*orbota”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 121