< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ostrъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *osrъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *aśras, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ḱ-rós. For the presence of the later 't' compare Slovak: streda, Bulgarian: стреда (streda) (dialectal ) and Old Church Slavonic: срѣда (srěda); Slovak: striebro, Bulgarian: стребро (strebro) (dialectal) and Proto-Slavic *sьrebro.
Adjective
*ostrъ[1]
- sharp
Declension
Indefinite declension of *ostrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ostrъ | *ostra | *ostro |
| Accusative | *ostrъ | *ostrǫ | *ostro |
| Genitive | *ostra | *ostry | *ostra |
| Locative | *ostrě | *ostrě | *ostrě |
| Dative | *ostru | *ostrě | *ostru |
| Instrumental | *ostromь | *ostrojǫ | *ostromь |
| Vocative | *ostre | *ostro | *ostro |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *ostra | *ostrě | *ostrě |
| Accusative | *ostra | *ostrě | *ostrě |
| Genitive | *ostru | *ostru | *ostru |
| Locative | *ostru | *ostru | *ostru |
| Dative | *ostroma | *ostrama | *ostroma |
| Instrumental | *ostroma | *ostrama | *ostroma |
| Vocative | *ostra | *ostrě | *ostrě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *ostri | *ostry | *ostra |
| Accusative | *ostry | *ostry | *ostra |
| Genitive | *ostrъ | *ostrъ | *ostrъ |
| Locative | *ostrěxъ | *ostraxъ | *ostrěxъ |
| Dative | *ostromъ | *ostramъ | *ostromъ |
| Instrumental | *ostry | *ostrami | *ostry |
| Vocative | *ostri | *ostry | *ostra |
Definite declension of *ostrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ostrъjь | *ostraja | *ostroje |
| Accusative | *ostrъjь | *ostrǫjǫ | *ostroje |
| Genitive | *ostrajego | *ostryję | *ostrajego |
| Locative | *ostrějemь | *ostrěji | *ostrějemь |
| Dative | *ostrujemu | *ostrěji | *ostrujemu |
| Instrumental | *ostryjimi | *ostrǫjǫ | *ostryjimi |
| Vocative | *ostrъjь | *ostraja | *ostroje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *ostraja | *ostrěji | *ostrěji |
| Accusative | *ostraja | *ostrěji | *ostrěji |
| Genitive | *ostruju | *ostruju | *ostruju |
| Locative | *ostruju | *ostruju | *ostruju |
| Dative | *ostryjima | *ostryjima | *ostryjima |
| Instrumental | *ostryjima | *ostryjima | *ostryjima |
| Vocative | *ostraja | *ostrěji | *ostrěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *ostriji | *ostryję | *ostraja |
| Accusative | *ostryję | *ostryję | *ostraja |
| Genitive | *ostrъjixъ | *ostrъjixъ | *ostrъjixъ |
| Locative | *ostryjixъ | *ostryjixъ | *ostryjixъ |
| Dative | *ostryjimъ | *ostryjimъ | *ostryjimъ |
| Instrumental | *ostryjimi | *ostryjimi | *ostryjimi |
| Vocative | *ostriji | *ostryję | *ostraja |
Related terms
Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂eḱ- (0 c, 4 e)
- *esera (“fish bone”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: остръ (ostrŭ)
- Belarusian: во́стры (vóstry)
- Russian: о́стрый (óstryj)
- Rusyn: о́стрый (óstrŷj)
- Ukrainian: го́стрий (hóstryj)
- Old East Slavic: остръ (ostrŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: остръ (ostrŭ)
- Glagolitic: ⱁⱄⱅⱃⱏ (ostrŭ)
- Bulgarian: остър (ostǎr)
- Macedonian: остар (ostar)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: о̏штар
- Latin: ȍštar
- Chakavian (Vrgada): ȍštar
- Chakavian (Orbanići): ȍštar
- Kajkavian (Bednja): ȅster
- Slovene: ọ́stər (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: ostrý
- Czech: ostrý
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): vostryj
- Moravian (Mistřice): ostrí
- Czech: ostrý
- Kashubian: òstri
- Polish: ostry
- Lesser Polish (Więciórka): u̯ostry
- Silesian: ôstry
- Slovak: ostrý
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: wótry
- Lower Sorbian: wótšy
- (Schleifer dialect): wóstry
- Old Czech: ostrý
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “острый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Šanskij, N. M. (2004), “острый”, in Školʹnyj etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [School Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Drofa
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ostrъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 379