< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/orati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From earlier *orti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *árˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”).
Verb
*oràti impf[1]
- to plough
Conjugation
Conjugation of *orati, *ora, *ořetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *oranьje | *orati | *oratъ | *oralъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *oranъ | *ořemъ |
| Active | *oravъ | *ořę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *oraxъ | *ora | *ora | *ořǫ | *ořeši | *ořetь |
| Dual | *oraxově | *orasta | *oraste | *ořevě | *ořeta | *ořete |
| Plural | *oraxomъ | *oraste | *orašę | *ořemъ | *ořete | *ořǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *oraaxъ | *oraaše | *oraaše | — | *oři | *oři |
| Dual | *oraaxově | *oraašeta | *oraašete | *ořivě | *ořita | — |
| Plural | *oraaxomъ | *oraašete | *oraaxǫ | *ořimъ | *ořite | — |
Related terms
- *ordlo
Derived terms
- *ortati (“to serve, to struggle with work”)
- *ortajь (“peon, servant, ploughman, farmer”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ара́ць (arácʹ)
- Russian: ора́ть (orátʹ), 1sg. орю́ (orjú), 3sg. орёт (orjót) (archaic)
- Ukrainian: ора́ти (oráty)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: орати (orati)
- Bulgarian: ора́ (orá)
- Macedonian: ора (ora)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: о̀рати, 1sg. о̏ре̄м
- Latin: òrati, 1sg. ȍrēm
- Chakavian (Vrgada): orȁti, 2sg. ȍreš
- Chakavian (Orbanići): orȁt, 3sg. orȅš
- Slovene: oráti (tonal orthography), 1sg. orȃm, órjem (tonal orthography); órati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: orati
- Czech: orat
- Kashubian: òrac
- Polish: orać, 1sg. orzę
- Slovak: orať
- Old Czech: orati
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*oràti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 372