Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/němьcь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From *němъ (“mute”) +‎ *-ьcь. The word therefore meant "someone unable to speak [Slavic]"; however, some hypotheses state this was an observation on the relative stoic personalities of some Germanic tribesmen.

Noun

*němьcь m

foreigner, non-Slav
specifically, a speaker of a Germanic language

Declension

Declension of *němьcь (soft o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*němьcь	*němьca	*němьci
Accusative	*němьcь	*němьca	*němьcę̇
Genitive	*němьca	*němьcu	*němьcь
Locative	*němьci	*němьcu	*němьcixъ
Dative	*němьcu	*němьcema	*němьcemъ
Instrumental	němьcьmь, němьcemь^*	*němьcema	*němьci
Vocative	*němьče	*němьca	*němьci

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*němьčьskъ

Antonyms

*slověninъ
*volxъ

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: не́мец (njémjec)
- Russian: не́мец (némec)
- Ukrainian: ні́мець (nímecʹ)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: нѣмьць (němĭcĭ)
  Glagolitic: ⱀⱑⰿⱐⱌⱐ (němĭcĭ)
- Bulgarian: немец (nemec)
- Macedonian: Немец (Nemec)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: Не́мац, Није́мац
  Latin: Némac, Nijémac
- Slovene: Nẹ́məc (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Czech: Němec
- Kashubian: Miemc
- Lower Sorbian: Nimc
- Polish: Niemiec
- Silesian: Mjymjec
- Slovak: Nemec
- Upper Sorbian: Němc
Non-Slavic:
- Hungarian: német
- Ottoman Turkish: نمچه‎ (nemçe)
  - → Arabic: نِمْسَا‎ (nimsā), نَمْسَا‎ (namsā)
- Romanian: neamț