< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъlviti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *mluH- (*ml̥wH-?), from the root *mlewH-. Cognate with Sanskrit ब्रवीति (brávīti, “to say”), Avestan 𐬨𐬭𐬀𐬊𐬌𐬙𐬌 (mraoiti, “to say”). Per Chernykh, some linguists link the root to Ancient Greek μέλος (mélos, “song, melody”).
Verb
*mъlviti[1][2]
- to speak, to say
Inflection
Conjugation of *mъlviti, *mъlvi, *mъlvitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *mъlvľenьje | *mъlviti | *mъlvitъ | *mъlvilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *mъlvľenъ | *mъlvimъ |
| Active | *mъlvľь | *mъlvę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mъlvixъ | *mъlvi | *mъlvi | *mъlvľǫ | *mъlviši | *mъlvitь |
| Dual | *mъlvixově | *mъlvista | *mъlviste | *mъlvivě | *mъlvita | *mъlvite |
| Plural | *mъlvixomъ | *mъlviste | *mъlvišę | *mъlvimъ | *mъlvite | *mъlvętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mъlvľaaxъ | *mъlvľaaše | *mъlvľaaše | — | *mъlvi | *mъlvi |
| Dual | *mъlvľaaxově | *mъlvľaašeta | *mъlvľaašete | *mъlvivě | *mъlvita | — |
| Plural | *mъlvľaaxomъ | *mъlvľaašete | *mъlvľaaxǫ | *mъlvimъ | *mъlvite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*mъlvivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *mъlva (“speech”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мълвити (mŭlviti)
- Belarusian: мо́віць (móvicʹ)
- Russian: мо́лвить (mólvitʹ) (obsolete or dialectal)
- Old Ukrainian: молвити (molviti), мовити (moviti), мовить (movitʹ)
- Ukrainian: мо́вити (móvyty)
- Old Novgorodian: мълвити (mŭlviti), молвити (molviti)
- Old East Slavic: мълвити (mŭlviti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: млъвити (mlŭviti)
- Glagolitic: ⰿⰾⱏⰲⰻⱅⰻ (mlŭviti)
- → Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: мувити (rare, literary, archaic)
- Latin: muviti (rare, literary, archaic)
- Bulgarian: мълвя́ (mǎlvjá)
- Slovene: mółviti (tonal orthography) (obsolete)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: mluvit
- Old Polish: mówić, mołwić
- Polish: mówić
- Slovak: mluviť (Kálal's dictionary)
- Slovincian: mʉ̀ɵ̯vjĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: mołwić, mołwjeć
- Lower Sorbian: mołwiś
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “мо́лвить”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 538
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “молва́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mъlviti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 227
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mъlviti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 334: “v. ‘speak, say’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “mъlviti: mъlvjǫ mъlvitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a tale (PR 133)”