< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mъknǫti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *múktei (“to slip away, to flee, escape”), from Proto-Indo-European *mu-n-ék-ti ~ *mu-n-k-éti, from *(s)mewk-. Compare Latvian mukt (“knock off, slip”), Lithuanian mùkti, munkù, mukaũ (“be released, escape”).
Verb
*mъknǫ̀ti[1][2][3][4]
- to move
Conjugation
Conjugation of *mъknǫti, *mъče, *mъknetь (?, -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *mъčenьje | *mъknǫti | *mъknǫtъ | *mъklъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *mъčenъ | *mъknomъ |
| Active | *mъkъ | *mъkny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mъk(ox)ъ | *mъče | *mъče | *mъknǫ | *mъkneši | *mъknetь |
| Dual | *mъk(ox)ově | *mъk(e/os)ta | *mъk(e/os)te | *mъknevě | *mъkneta | *mъknete |
| Plural | *mъk(ox)omъ | *mъk(e/os)te | *mъkǫ, *mъkošę | *mъknemъ | *mъknete | *mъknǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mъkněaxъ | *mъkněaše | *mъkněaše | — | *mъkni | *mъkni |
| Dual | *mъkněaxově | *mъkněašeta | *mъkněašete | *mъkněvě | *mъkněta | — |
| Plural | *mъkněaxomъ | *mъkněašete | *mъkněaxǫ | *mъkněmъ | *mъkněte | — |
- Notes:
- Aorist *mъkeste ⇒ *mъčeste, ...
Related terms
- *sъmykati
- *mъčati
Derived terms
- *mъkъ (“quick movement”)
- *zamъknǫti (“to close, shut”)
- *zamъkъ (“lock”)
- *primъknǫti
- *primъka (“loop, knot, snare”)
- *promъknǫti
- *promъka (“thread”)
- *omъča
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: *мъкнѫти (*mŭknǫti)
- Belarusian: мкнуць (mknucʹ)
- ⇒ Ukrainian: замкнути (zamknuty)
- Old East Slavic: *мъкнѫти (*mŭknǫti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: мъкнѫти (mŭknǫti)
- Glagolitic: ⰿⱏⰽⱀⱘⱅⰻ (mŭknǫti)
- Bulgarian: мъ́кна (mǎ́kna)
- Serbo-Croatian: ма̀кнути
- Chakavian (Vrgada): maknȕti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): maknȕt
- Chakavian (Kukljica): maknȕti, maknȉti
- Chakavian (Grobnik): maknȕt
- Kajkavian (Bednja): mȅknuti
- Kajkavian (Ozalj): məknȁti
- Kajkavian (Varaždin): m'ẹknuti
- Slovene: maknīti, mákniti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mknúti
- Czech: mknout
- Old Polish: mknąć
- Polish: mknąć
- Slovak: mknúť
- Slovincian: mknȯ́ų̯c
- Old Czech: mknúti
- From older *mъťi
- Serbo-Croatian: ма̏ћи
Further reading
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “замъкнути”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 1: А – К, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 929
- Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1902), “промъкнутисѧ”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments] (in Russian), volume 2: Л – П, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1545
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mъknǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 20 (*morzatъjь – mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 219
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mъknǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 333: “v. ‘move’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “mъknǫti: mъknǫ mъknetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b lukke (PR 137)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “maknīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*mъknǫ̋ti”
- Pokorny, Julius (1959), “meug-, meuk-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 744