< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫčiti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mánˀkīˀtei.
Verb
*mǫ̀čiti impf[1]
- to torture, to torment
Inflection
Conjugation of *mǫčiti, *mǫči, *mǫčitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *mǫčenьje | *mǫčiti | *mǫčitъ | *mǫčilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *mǫčenъ | *mǫčimъ |
| Active | *mǫčь | *mǫčę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mǫčixъ | *mǫči | *mǫči | *mǫčǫ | *mǫčiši | *mǫčitь |
| Dual | *mǫčixově | *mǫčista | *mǫčiste | *mǫčivě | *mǫčita | *mǫčite |
| Plural | *mǫčixomъ | *mǫčiste | *mǫčišę | *mǫčimъ | *mǫčite | *mǫčętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *mǫčaaxъ | *mǫčaaše | *mǫčaaše | — | *mǫči | *mǫči |
| Dual | *mǫčaaxově | *mǫčaašeta | *mǫčaašete | *mǫčivě | *mǫčita | — |
| Plural | *mǫčaaxomъ | *mǫčaašete | *mǫčaaxǫ | *mǫčimъ | *mǫčite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*mǫčivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *mę̀knǫti (“to become soft”)
- *mę̏kъkъ (“soft”)
- *mǫ̀ka (“torture, torment”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мꙋчити (mučiti)
- Belarusian: му́чыць (múčycʹ)
- Russian: му́чить (múčitʹ)
- Ukrainian: му́чити (múčyty)
- Old East Slavic: мꙋчити (mučiti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: мѫчити (mǫčiti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: мъ́ча (mǎ́ča)
- Macedonian: мачи (mači)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: му̏чити
- Latin: mȕčiti
- Chakavian (Vrgada): mȕčiti
- Slovene: múčiti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: mučiti
- Czech: mučit
- Old Polish: męczyć
- Polish: męczyć
- Slovak: mučiť
- Slovincian: mą̃čĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: mučić
- Lower Sorbian: mucyś
- Old Czech: mučiti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “му́чить”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 551
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “му́чить”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Rix, Helmut, editor (2001) Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 438
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mǫčiti II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 114
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mǫ̀čiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 328: “v. (a) ‘torment, torture’”