< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mǫdrъ
See also: Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/modrъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mandras, from Proto-Indo-European *mondʰh₁ros, from *mendʰh₁- + *-rós, possibly from *men- + *dʰeh₁-.
Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mañdras, mandrùs (“cheerful, lively”), Latvian modrs, možs (“cheerful, lively, alert, vigorous”).
Indo-European cognates include Proto-Germanic *mundraz (“awake; alert; eager”) (< *mn̥dʰh₁ros), Avestan 𐬨𐬄𐬰𐬛𐬭𐬀- (mązdra-).
Сf. Sanskrit मेधा (medhā, “mental power, wisdom, intelligence”), Avestan 𐬨𐬀𐬰𐬛𐬁 (mazdā) (< *mn̥s-dʰeh₁-).
Adjective
*mǫ̃drъ[1][2]
- wise
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
Indefinite declension of *mǫdrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *mǫdrъ | *mǫdra | *mǫdro |
| Accusative | *mǫdrъ | *mǫdrǫ | *mǫdro |
| Genitive | *mǫdra | *mǫdry | *mǫdra |
| Locative | *mǫdrě | *mǫdrě | *mǫdrě |
| Dative | *mǫdru | *mǫdrě | *mǫdru |
| Instrumental | *mǫdromь | *mǫdrojǫ | *mǫdromь |
| Vocative | *mǫdre | *mǫdro | *mǫdro |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *mǫdra | *mǫdrě | *mǫdrě |
| Accusative | *mǫdra | *mǫdrě | *mǫdrě |
| Genitive | *mǫdru | *mǫdru | *mǫdru |
| Locative | *mǫdru | *mǫdru | *mǫdru |
| Dative | *mǫdroma | *mǫdrama | *mǫdroma |
| Instrumental | *mǫdroma | *mǫdrama | *mǫdroma |
| Vocative | *mǫdra | *mǫdrě | *mǫdrě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *mǫdri | *mǫdry | *mǫdra |
| Accusative | *mǫdry | *mǫdry | *mǫdra |
| Genitive | *mǫdrъ | *mǫdrъ | *mǫdrъ |
| Locative | *mǫdrěxъ | *mǫdraxъ | *mǫdrěxъ |
| Dative | *mǫdromъ | *mǫdramъ | *mǫdromъ |
| Instrumental | *mǫdry | *mǫdrami | *mǫdry |
| Vocative | *mǫdri | *mǫdry | *mǫdra |
Definite declension of *mǫdrъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *mǫdrъjь | *mǫdraja | *mǫdroje |
| Accusative | *mǫdrъjь | *mǫdrǫjǫ | *mǫdroje |
| Genitive | *mǫdrajego | *mǫdryję | *mǫdrajego |
| Locative | *mǫdrějemь | *mǫdrěji | *mǫdrějemь |
| Dative | *mǫdrujemu | *mǫdrěji | *mǫdrujemu |
| Instrumental | *mǫdryjimi | *mǫdrǫjǫ | *mǫdryjimi |
| Vocative | *mǫdrъjь | *mǫdraja | *mǫdroje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *mǫdraja | *mǫdrěji | *mǫdrěji |
| Accusative | *mǫdraja | *mǫdrěji | *mǫdrěji |
| Genitive | *mǫdruju | *mǫdruju | *mǫdruju |
| Locative | *mǫdruju | *mǫdruju | *mǫdruju |
| Dative | *mǫdryjima | *mǫdryjima | *mǫdryjima |
| Instrumental | *mǫdryjima | *mǫdryjima | *mǫdryjima |
| Vocative | *mǫdraja | *mǫdrěji | *mǫdrěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *mǫdriji | *mǫdryję | *mǫdraja |
| Accusative | *mǫdryję | *mǫdryję | *mǫdraja |
| Genitive | *mǫdrъjixъ | *mǫdrъjixъ | *mǫdrъjixъ |
| Locative | *mǫdryjixъ | *mǫdryjixъ | *mǫdryjixъ |
| Dative | *mǫdryjimъ | *mǫdryjimъ | *mǫdryjimъ |
| Instrumental | *mǫdryjimi | *mǫdryjimi | *mǫdryjimi |
| Vocative | *mǫdriji | *mǫdryję | *mǫdraja |
See also
- *myslь (“thought, idea”)
Derived terms
- Adjectives:
- *mǫdrьnъ
- *mǫdrastъ
- Verbs:
- *mǫdrěti
- *mǫdriti
- *mǫdrovati
- *mǫdrovanьje
- Nouns (abstract):
- *mǫdrina
- *mǫdrostь
- *mǫdrota
- *mǫdrьstvo
- Nouns (carrier):
- *mǫdronja / *mǫdronь
- *mǫdroxъ / *mǫdroxa
- *mǫdrakъ
- *mǫdrikъ / *mǫdrika
- *mǫdrъkъ
- *mǫdrьcь
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мудръ (mudrŭ)
- Belarusian: му́дры (múdry)
- Russian: му́дрый (múdryj)
- Ukrainian: мудрий (mudryj)
- Old East Slavic: мудръ (mudrŭ)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: мѫдръ (mǫdrŭ)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: мъ́дър (mǎ́dǎr), мъ́ндър (mǎ́ndǎr) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: мудар (mudar)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: му́дар
- Latin: múdar
- Slovene: mọ́dər (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: múdrý
- Czech: moudrý
- Bohemian (Chod dialect): moudryj
- Czech: moudrý
- Polish: mądry
- Silesian: mōndry
- Slovak: múdry
- Slovincian: mǫdri
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: mudry
- Lower Sorbian: mudry
- Old Czech: múdrý
- Non-Slavic:
- → Romanian: mândru
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “мудрый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “мудрый”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 547
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mǫdrъ”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 130
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*mǫ́drъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 329: “adj. o (b) ‘wise’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “mǫdrъ mǫdra mǫdro”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 21, 108, 110f., 146, 199; PR 136)”