< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-mę
Proto-Slavic
Alternative forms
- *-smę (possibly in *čismę, *pismę)
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *-men, *-min, from Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥.
Cognate with Old Prussian semen, Lithuanian -muõ, Proto-Indo-Iranian *-ma, Ancient Greek -μα (-ma), Latin -men.
Suffix
*-mę n
- Deverbal, what is being/to-be/became
- *znamę (“sign”) ⇐ *znati (“to know”)
- *sěmę (“seed”) : *sějati (“to sow”), *sějetь
- *vermę ⇐ **versti (⇒ *verteno, *vortъ) : *vьrtěti (“to turn”)
- *bermę (“load, burden”) ⇐ *bьrati (“to take, *carry”), *beretь,
- *plemę (“tribe”) ⇐ **pledmę ⇐ **plesti (“?”) (⇒ *plodъ (“fruit”))
- *čismę (“number”) ⇐ **čitsmę / **čitmę ⇐ *čisti (“count”), *čьtetь
- *pismę ⇐ *pisati / *pьsati, *pišetь
- Denominal, secondary or alternative
- *vymę (“udder”) ⇐ Proto-Indo-European *h₁ówHdʰr̥ n (“udder”)
- *ormę / *ormo
- *pasmę / *pasmo
- *polmę / *polmy m
Declension
Declension of *-mę (n-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *-mę | *-meni | *-mena |
Accusative | *-mę | *-meni | *-mena |
Genitive | *-mene | *-menu | *-menъ |
Locative | *-mene | *-menu | *-menьxъ |
Dative | *-meni | *-menьma | *-menьmъ |
Instrumental | *-menьmь | *-menьma | *-meny |
Vocative | *-mę | *-meni | *-mena |
See also
- *-my m
- *-ьma, *-ьmo
- *-mъ (“present passive participle”)
- *-ъmь / *-omь (“o-stem instrumental”)
- *-ьmi (“i-stem instrumental”)
Derived terms
Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-mę
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: -мѧ (-mę), -мꙗ (-mja)
- Old Ruthenian: -мѧ (-mja), -мꙗ (-mja)
- Belarusian: -мя (-mja), -ме (-mje)
- Ukrainian: -м'я (-mʺja), -мя (-mja)
- Middle Russian: -мѧ (-mja), -мꙗ (-mja)
- Russian: -мя (-mja)
- Old Ruthenian: -мѧ (-mja), -мꙗ (-mja)
- Old East Slavic: -мѧ (-mę), -мꙗ (-mja)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: -мѧ (-mę)
- Glagolitic: -ⰿⱔ (-mę)
- Bulgarian: -ме (-me)
- Macedonian: -ме (-me)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: -ме, -мен
- Latin: -me, -men
- Slovene: -me
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: -mě
- Czech: -mě, -meno
- Kashubian: -miã
- Polabian: -mą
- Old Polish: -mię
- Polish: -mię
- Silesian: -miã
- Slovak: -mä, -meno
- Slovincian: -mä
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: -mje
- Upper Sorbian: -mjo
- Old Czech: -mě
Further reading
- Саенко, М. Н. (2019), “Периодизация истории праславянского субстантивного склонения [Periodization of the history of the Proto-Slavic noun declension]”, in Балто-славянские исследования, volume 20, Moscow, page 113
- Herbert Bräuer (1969), “Die n-Stämme”, in Slavische Sprachwissenschaft: Formenlehre, volume 3, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter & Co, page 23
- Miklosich, Fr. (1875), “116. Suffix men”, in Vergleichende grammatik der slavischen sprachen: Stammbildungslehre, volume 2, Wien: Wilhelm Braumüller, page 236