Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/malina

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

*malina

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *meh₂l- (“black”).

Noun

*malina f

raspberry (fruit and shrub)

Declension

Declension of *malina (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*malina	*malině	*maliny
Accusative	*malinǫ	*malině	*maliny
Genitive	*maliny	*malinu	*malinъ
Locative	*malině	*malinu	malinasъ, malinaxъ^*
Dative	*malině	*malinama	*malinamъ
Instrumental	malinojǫ, malinǫ^**	*malinama	*malinami
Vocative	*malino	*malině	*maliny

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Belarusian: малі́на (malína)
- Russian: мали́на (malína)
- Ukrainian: мали́на (malýna)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: малѝна (malìna)
- Macedonian: малина (malina)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: ма̀лина
  Latin: màlina
- Slovene: malína
West Slavic:
- Czech: malina
- Polish: malina
- Slovak: malina
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: malina
  - Upper Sorbian: malena, maleńka
Borrowed from some Slavic language:
- → Hungarian: málna
- → Yiddish: מאַלינע‎ (maline), מאַלענע‎‎ (malene‎)