< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-lъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Continuing Proto-Indo-European *-lós.
Suffix
*-lъ
- From verbs, forms participles
- From intransitive verbs, forms adjectives
- Synonym: *-rъ
- *orstlъ (“tall”) ← *orsti (“to grow”)
- *mьrzlъ (“frozen”) ← *mьrznǫti (“to freeze”)
- *mъdьlъ (“faint”) ← *mъděti?
- *pьrělъ ← *pьrěti
- *gňilъ (“rotten”) ← *gňiti (“to rot”)
- From nouns, forms adjectives (rare)
- Synonym: *-ьnъ
- *obьlъ (“round”) ← *obъ (“vicinity, locality”)
- *krǫglъ (“round”) ← *krǫgъ (“circle”)
- *světьlъ (“light, bright”) ← *světъ (“light”)?
- *podьlъ (“vile, low”) ← *podъ (“bottom”)
Usage notes
- Apparently it's not used with verbs ending -i- which are usually transitive
Declension
Indefinite declension of *-lъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-lъ | *-la | *-lo |
| Accusative | *-lъ | *-lǫ | *-lo |
| Genitive | *-la | *-ly | *-la |
| Locative | *-lě | *-lě | *-lě |
| Dative | *-lu | *-lě | *-lu |
| Instrumental | *-lomь | *-lojǫ | *-lomь |
| Vocative | *-le | *-lo | *-lo |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-la | *-lě | *-lě |
| Accusative | *-la | *-lě | *-lě |
| Genitive | *-lu | *-lu | *-lu |
| Locative | *-lu | *-lu | *-lu |
| Dative | *-loma | *-lama | *-loma |
| Instrumental | *-loma | *-lama | *-loma |
| Vocative | *-la | *-lě | *-lě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-li | *-ly | *-la |
| Accusative | *-ly | *-ly | *-la |
| Genitive | *-lъ | *-lъ | *-lъ |
| Locative | *-lěxъ | *-laxъ | *-lěxъ |
| Dative | *-lomъ | *-lamъ | *-lomъ |
| Instrumental | *-ly | *-lami | *-ly |
| Vocative | *-li | *-ly | *-la |
Definite declension of *-lъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *-lъjь | *-laja | *-loje |
| Accusative | *-lъjь | *-lǫjǫ | *-loje |
| Genitive | *-lajego | *-lyję | *-lajego |
| Locative | *-lějemь | *-lěji | *-lějemь |
| Dative | *-lujemu | *-lěji | *-lujemu |
| Instrumental | *-lyjimi | *-lǫjǫ | *-lyjimi |
| Vocative | *-lъjь | *-laja | *-loje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-laja | *-lěji | *-lěji |
| Accusative | *-laja | *-lěji | *-lěji |
| Genitive | *-luju | *-luju | *-luju |
| Locative | *-luju | *-luju | *-luju |
| Dative | *-lyjima | *-lyjima | *-lyjima |
| Instrumental | *-lyjima | *-lyjima | *-lyjima |
| Vocative | *-laja | *-lěji | *-lěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *-liji | *-lyję | *-laja |
| Accusative | *-lyję | *-lyję | *-laja |
| Genitive | *-lъjixъ | *-lъjixъ | *-lъjixъ |
| Locative | *-lyjixъ | *-lyjixъ | *-lyjixъ |
| Dative | *-lyjimъ | *-lyjimъ | *-lyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *-lyjimi | *-lyjimi | *-lyjimi |
| Vocative | *-liji | *-lyję | *-laja |
Derived suffixes
- *-ělь, *-aľь
- *-ьlъ, *-ъlъ
- *-ělъ
See also
- *-ivъ
- *veselъ, *debelъ, *tęželъ
Derived terms
► <a class='CategoryTreeLabel CategoryTreeLabelNs14 CategoryTreeLabelCategory' href='/wiki/Category:Proto-Slavic_words_suffixed_with_*-l%D1%8A' title='Category:Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-lъ'>Proto-Slavic words suffixed with *-lъ</a>