< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/loviti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *lȏvъ (“hunting, hunt”) + *-iti, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *law-. Cognate with Lithuanian lavùs (“adroit, clever”), lãvyti, lãvinti (“to train, to develop”), Latvian lavît (“to catch”), although per Derksen the latter verb is probably a Slavic borrowing. Usually derived from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂w- (“to capture, enjoy”) (e.g., see Vasmer). Per Derksen, no clear cognates outside of Balto-Slavic.
Verb
*lovìti[1][2]
- to (try to) catch
Inflection
Conjugation of *loviti, *lovi, *lovitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *lovľenьje | *loviti | *lovitъ | *lovilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *lovľenъ | *lovimъ |
| Active | *lovľь | *lovę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lovixъ | *lovi | *lovi | *lovľǫ | *loviši | *lovitь |
| Dual | *lovixově | *lovista | *loviste | *lovivě | *lovita | *lovite |
| Plural | *lovixomъ | *loviste | *lovišę | *lovimъ | *lovite | *lovętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lovľaaxъ | *lovľaaše | *lovľaaše | — | *lovi | *lovi |
| Dual | *lovľaaxově | *lovľaašeta | *lovľaašete | *lovivě | *lovita | — |
| Plural | *lovľaaxomъ | *lovľaašete | *lovľaaxǫ | *lovimъ | *lovite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*lovivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *lȏvъ (“hunting, hunt”)
- *lȍvъkъ (“adroit”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ловити (loviti) (accent paradigm c)
- Belarusian: лаві́ць (lavícʹ)
- Russian: лови́ть (lovítʹ)
- Ukrainian: лови́ти (lovýty)
- Old East Slavic: ловити (loviti) (accent paradigm c)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: ловити (loviti)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: ловя́ (lovjá)
- Macedonian: лови (lovi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ло̀вити
- Latin: lòviti
- Chakavian (Vrgada): lovȉti
- Chakavian (Orbanići): lovȉt
- Slovene: lovīti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: loviti
- Czech: lovit
- Old Polish: łowić
- Polish: łowić
- Kashubian: łowic
- Slovak: loviť
- Slovincian: lʉ̀ɵ̯vjĭc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: łojić
- Lower Sorbian: łoiś
- Old Czech: loviti
- Non-Slavic:
- Megleno-Romanian: luves
- Romanian: lovi
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “лови́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*loviti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 106
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lovìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 286: “v. (c) ‘(try to) catch’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “loviti: lovjǫ lovitь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 257; PR 140)”