< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lajati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology 1
From earlier *lati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *lā́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-. Indo-European cognates include Latin lātrō (“to bark”), and possibly Sanskrit रायटी (rā́yati, “to bark”).
Verb
*làjati impf[1][2]
- to bark
- to scold
Inflection
Conjugation of *lajati, *laja, *lajetь (impf., -ja/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *lajanьje | *lajati | *lajatъ | *lajalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *lajanъ | *lajemъ |
| Active | *lajavъ | *laję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lajaxъ | *laja | *laja | *lajǫ | *laješi | *lajetь |
| Dual | *lajaxově | *lajasta | *lajaste | *lajevě | *lajeta | *lajete |
| Plural | *lajaxomъ | *lajaste | *lajašę | *lajemъ | *lajete | *lajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lajaaxъ | *lajaaše | *lajaaše | — | *laji | *laji |
| Dual | *lajaaxově | *lajaašeta | *lajaašete | *lajivě | *lajita | — |
| Plural | *lajaaxomъ | *lajaašete | *lajaaxǫ | *lajimъ | *lajite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лаꙗти (lajati)
- Belarusian: ла́яць (lájacʹ)
- Russian: ла́ять (lájatʹ)
- Ukrainian: ла́яти (lájaty)
- Old East Slavic: лаꙗти (lajati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: лаꙗти (lajati)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Bulgarian: ла́я (lája)
- Macedonian: лае (lae)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ла̏јати
- Latin: lȁjati
- Chakavian (Vrgada): lȁjati
- Chakavian (Orbanići): lȁjati
- Slovene: lȃjati (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: láti
- Czech: lát
- Old Polish: łajać
- Polish: łajać
- Slovak: láť
- Slovincian: lȧ̃jăc
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: łajaś
- Old Czech: láti
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ла́ять”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*lajati I”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 14 (*labati – *lěteplъjь), Moscow: Nauka, page 20
Etymology 2
- Derksen: From Proto-Indo-European *leh₂-. Cognates include Latin latēre (“to lie hidden”) and Ancient Greek λήθω (lḗthō, “to lie hidden”).
- Trubačev: Variant of *lakati.
Verb
*lajati impf[3]
- to ambush
Inflection
Conjugation of *lajati, *laja, *lajetь (impf., -ja/V-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *lajanьje | *lajati | *lajatъ | *lajalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *lajanъ | *lajemъ |
| Active | *lajavъ | *laję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lajaxъ | *laja | *laja | *lajǫ | *laješi | *lajetь |
| Dual | *lajaxově | *lajasta | *lajaste | *lajevě | *lajeta | *lajete |
| Plural | *lajaxomъ | *lajaste | *lajašę | *lajemъ | *lajete | *lajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *lajaaxъ | *lajaaše | *lajaaše | — | *laji | *laji |
| Dual | *lajaaxově | *lajaašeta | *lajaašete | *lajivě | *lajita | — |
| Plural | *lajaaxomъ | *lajaašete | *lajaaxǫ | *lajimъ | *lajite | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: лаꙗти (lajati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: лаꙗти (lajati)
- Old Church Slavonic:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*lajati II”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 14 (*labati – *lěteplъjь), Moscow: Nauka, page 21
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*làjati I”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 267: “v. (a) ‘bark’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “lajati: lajǫ lajetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 205, 247; PR 133; MP 23, 26)”
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*lajati II”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 268: “v. ‘ambush, lie in wait for’”