< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kǫpati
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *kǫpa (“tassel”) + *-ati, but of uncertain further origin.
Verb
*kǫpàti[1][2]
- to bathe
- to swim
Inflection
Conjugation of *kǫpati, *kǫpa, *kǫpľetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-ati
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kǫpanьje | *kǫpati | *kǫpatъ | *kǫpalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kǫpanъ | *kǫpľemъ |
| Active | *kǫpavъ | *kǫpľę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kǫpaxъ | *kǫpa | *kǫpa | *kǫpľǫ | *kǫpľeši | *kǫpľetь |
| Dual | *kǫpaxově | *kǫpasta | *kǫpaste | *kǫpľevě | *kǫpľeta | *kǫpľete |
| Plural | *kǫpaxomъ | *kǫpaste | *kǫpašę | *kǫpľemъ | *kǫpľete | *kǫpľǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kǫpaaxъ | *kǫpaaše | *kǫpaaše | — | *kǫpľi | *kǫpľi |
| Dual | *kǫpaaxově | *kǫpaašeta | *kǫpaašete | *kǫpľivě | *kǫpľita | — |
| Plural | *kǫpaaxomъ | *kǫpaašete | *kǫpaaxǫ | *kǫpľimъ | *kǫpľite | — |
Derived terms
- *jьzkǫpati (“to wash up”)
- *okǫpati (“to bathe”)
- *kǫpačь (“bather”)
- *kǫpadlo (“tool or place for bathing”)
- *kǫpadlьňa (“bathhouse”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: купати (kupati)
- Belarusian: купа́ць (kupácʹ) (dialectal)
- Russian: купа́ть (kupátʹ)
- Ukrainian: купа́ти (kupáty)
- Old East Slavic: купати (kupati)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: кѫпати (kǫpati)
- Bulgarian: къ́пя (kǎ́pja), къ́мпя (kǎ́mpja) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: капе (kape)
- Serbo-Croatian: kúpati
- Slovene: kọ́pati (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic: кѫпати (kǫpati)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kúpati
- Czech: koupat
- Polish: kąpać
- Slovak: kúpať
- Old Czech: kúpati
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “купа́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kǫpati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 59
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1986), “къпя”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 197
References
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kǫpati: kǫpjǫ kǫpjetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b bade, svømme (PR 136f.)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kọ́pati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kǫpa̋ti”