< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyla
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kū́ˀlāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kh₂ul-eh₂. Cognate with Lithuanian kū́la, kū́las, Proto-Germanic *haulaz.
Noun
*kỳla f[1][2][3]
- outgrowth, hernia
Inflection
Declension of *kỳla (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kỳla | *kỳlě | *kỳly |
| Accusative | *kỳlǫ | *kỳlě | *kỳly |
| Genitive | *kỳly | *kỳlu | *kỳlъ |
| Locative | *kỳlě | *kỳlu | *kỳlasъ, *kỳlaxъ* |
| Dative | *kỳlě | *kỳlama | *kỳlamъ |
| Instrumental | *kỳlojǫ, *kỳlǭ** | *kỳlama | *kỳlamī |
| Vocative | *kỳlo | *kỳlě | *kỳly |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *skula (“blister”)
Related terms
- *kylavъ (“weak, frail, sickly”) (also encountered as *xylavъ)
- *kylьcь (“degenerate creature or plant”)
- *xyliti (“to bend over, to crumble, to succumb”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кила (kila)
- Belarusian: кіла́ (kilá)
- Russian: кила́ (kilá)
- Ukrainian: ки́ла (kýla)
- Old East Slavic: кила (kila)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: кыла (kyla)
- Glagolitic: ⰽⱏⰹⰾⰰ (kyla)
- Bulgarian: ки́ла (kíla)
- Macedonian: кила (kila)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ки̏ла
- Latin: kȉla
- Chakavian (Vrgada): kȉla
- Chakavian (Orlec): kȉla
- Chakavian (Kukljica): kȉla
- Chakavian (Crikvenica): kȉla
- Kajkavian (Varaždin): k'ila
- Kajkavian (Ozalj): kȉla
- Slovene: kíla (tonal orthography)
- (Črni vrh, Idrija): kȋłḁ
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kýla
- Czech: kýla
- Old Polish: kiła
- Polish: kiła
- Slovak: kyla
- Old Czech: kýla
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кила́”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kỳla”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 265: “f. ā (a) ‘outgrowth, hernia’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kyla kyly”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 22; PR 132)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kíla”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*ky̋la”