< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kyjь
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Balto-Slavic *kū́ˀjas, from Proto-Indo-European *kuh₂yos, from the root *kewh₂-.
Cognate with Lithuanian kūjis (“hammer”) and Old Prussian cugis (“hammer”).
Noun
*kỳjь or *ky̑jь m[1][2][3]
- stick, club
- hammer
Declension
Declension of *kỳjь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm a)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kỳjь | *kỳja | *kỳji |
| Accusative | *kỳjь | *kỳja | *kỳję̇ |
| Genitive | *kỳja | *kỳju | *kỳjь |
| Locative | *kỳji | *kỳju | *kỳjīxъ |
| Dative | *kỳju | *kỳjema | *kỳjēmъ |
| Instrumental | *kỳjьmь, *kỳjemь* | *kỳjema | *kỳjī |
| Vocative | *kỳju | *kỳja | *kỳji |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Declension of *ky̑jь (soft o-stem, accent paradigm c)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *ky̑jь | *ky̑ja | *ky̑ji |
| Accusative | *ky̑jь | *ky̑ja | *ky̑ję̇ |
| Genitive | *ky̑ja | *kyjù | *kỹjь |
| Locative | *ky̑ji | *kyjù | *kyjĩxъ |
| Dative | *ky̑ju | *kyjemà | *kyjèmъ |
| Instrumental | *ky̑jьmь, *ky̑jemь* | *kyjemà | *kyjí |
| Vocative | *kyju | *ky̑ja | *ky̑ji |
* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.
Related terms
- *kovati
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кꙑи (kyj), кии (kij)
- Belarusian: кій (kij)
- Russian: кий (kij)
- Ukrainian: кий (kyj)
- Old East Slavic: кꙑи (kyj), кии (kij)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: кꙑи (kyj)
- Bulgarian: кий (kij)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: киј
- Latin: kij
- Slovene: kȋj (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kyj
- Kashubian: czij
- Polish: kij
- Slovak: kyj
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kij
- Lower Sorbian: kij
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kyjь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 257
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kyjь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 265: “m. jo ‘stick, club’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “kyjь kyju/kyja”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “?c (NA 138); d (OSA 142) hammer”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kȋj”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*ky̋jь (ali *ky̑jь)”