< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kvapiti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Equivalent to *kvapъ (“tension, charge, urge”) + *-iti, from Proto-Indo-European *kwep- (“to boil”). Akin to Lithuanian kvapi̇̀nti, kvapýti (“to scent”).
Verb
*kvapiti impf
- (probably originally) to set loose, to discharge, to release (pressure, stress, tension)
- → (transitive) to urge, to compel
- → (intransitive) to haste, to hurry
Alternative forms
- *kvapati
Inflection
Conjugation of *kvapiti, *kvapi, *kvapitь (impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kvapľenьje | *kvapiti | *kvapitъ | *kvapilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kvapľenъ | *kvapimъ |
| Active | *kvapľь | *kvapę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kvapixъ | *kvapi | *kvapi | *kvapľǫ | *kvapiši | *kvapitь |
| Dual | *kvapixově | *kvapista | *kvapiste | *kvapivě | *kvapita | *kvapite |
| Plural | *kvapixomъ | *kvapiste | *kvapišę | *kvapimъ | *kvapite | *kvapętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kvapľaaxъ | *kvapľaaše | *kvapľaaše | — | *kvapi | *kvapi |
| Dual | *kvapľaaxově | *kvapľaašeta | *kvapľaašete | *kvapivě | *kvapita | — |
| Plural | *kvapľaaxomъ | *kvapľaašete | *kvapľaaxǫ | *kvapimъ | *kvapite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kvapivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
- *kypěti (“to boil up”)
- *kopьněti (“to melt”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ква́піць (kvápicʹ), ква́піцца (kvápicca)
- Russian: ква́пить (kvápitʹ), ква́питься (kvápitʹsja)
- Ukrainian: ква́пити (kvápyty), ква́питися (kvápytysja)
- South Slavic:
- Slovene: kvapiti, kvapati
- West Slavic
- Czech: kvapit
- Old Polish: kwapić
- Polish: kwapić
- Slovak: kvapať
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “квапить”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “квапити”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kvapiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 148