< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kuriti
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Cognate with Lithuanian kùrti (“to light, to kindle, to make, to create”) (1sg. kuriù), Latvian kur̃t (“to light, to kindle”) (1sg. kuŗu). Normally also related to Gothic 𐌷𐌰𐌿𐍂𐌹 (hauri, “coal”), Old Norse hyrr (“fire”).
- Per Derksen, possibly derived from Proto-Indo-European *kʷr̥-, zero grade of *kʷer- (hence cognate with Sanskrit कृणोति (kṛṇóti, “to do, to make”) but probably not with the above Germanic cognates), although a laryngeal would be expected due to the East Baltic accentuation. Alternatively, from a putative Indo-European root *kerH-, in which case the Germanic cognates are correct, as well as probably Latin carbō (“charcoal”).
- Vasmer adds Old Armenian կրակ (krak, “fire”) from *kurak-.
- Chernykh suggests an Indo-European root *ker-, similar to Derksen's second hypothesis.
Verb
*kūrìti[1][2]
- to smoke
Inflection
Conjugation of *kuriti, *kuri, *kuritь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *kuřenьje | *kuriti | *kuritъ | *kurilъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *kuřenъ | *kurimъ |
| Active | *kuřь | *kurę |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kurixъ | *kuri | *kuri | *kuřǫ | *kuriši | *kuritь |
| Dual | *kurixově | *kurista | *kuriste | *kurivě | *kurita | *kurite |
| Plural | *kurixomъ | *kuriste | *kurišę | *kurimъ | *kurite | *kurętь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *kuřaaxъ | *kuřaaše | *kuřaaše | — | *kuri | *kuri |
| Dual | *kuřaaxově | *kuřaašeta | *kuřaašete | *kurivě | *kurita | — |
| Plural | *kuřaaxomъ | *kuřaašete | *kuřaaxǫ | *kurimъ | *kurite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*kurivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *kuřenьje
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: кꙋрити (kuriti)
- Belarusian: куры́ць (kurýcʹ)
- Russian: кури́ть (kurítʹ)
- → Kildin Sami: кӯррэ (kūrre)
- Ukrainian: кури́ти (kurýty)
- Old East Slavic: кꙋрити (kuriti)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Old Cyrillic: коуритъ (kuritŭ, 3sg.)
- Glagolitic: [Term?]
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ку́рити (dialectal)
- Latin: kúriti (dialectal)
- Chakavian (Orbanići): kūrȉt
- Slovene: kurīti, kúriti (tonal orthography)
- Old Church Slavonic:
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: kúřiti
- Czech: kouřit
- Moravian (Mistřice): kúřit
- Czech: kouřit
- Kashubian: kùrzëc
- Polish: kurzyć
- Silesian: kurzić
- Slovak: kúriť
- Slovincian: kʉ̃řĕc
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: kurić
- Lower Sorbian: kuriś
- Old Czech: kúřiti
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “кури́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 456
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кури́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kuriti (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 13 (*kroměžirъ – kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 123
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kūrìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 257: “v. (b) ‘smoke’”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “kurīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar3 (in Slovene), https://fran.si: “*kuri̋ti”