< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kupa
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kā́ˀupāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *kéh₂wp-eh₂, from *keh₂wp-. Cognate with Lithuanian káupa (“heap”), Latvian kuõpa (“stack”).
Noun
*kupa f
- heap, pile
Declension
Declension of *kupa (hard a-stem)
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kupa | *kupě | *kupy |
| Accusative | *kupǫ | *kupě | *kupy |
| Genitive | *kupy | *kupu | *kupъ |
| Locative | *kupě | *kupu | *kupasъ, *kupaxъ* |
| Dative | *kupě | *kupama | *kupamъ |
| Instrumental | *kupojǫ, *kupǫ** | *kupama | *kupami |
| Vocative | *kupo | *kupě | *kupy |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
- *kupъ
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ку́па (kúpa)
- Old Ruthenian: ку́па (kúpa)
- Belarusian: ку́па (kúpa)
- Ukrainian: ку́па (kúpa)
- Russian: ку́па (kúpa) (dialectal)
- Old Ruthenian: ку́па (kúpa)
- Old East Slavic: ку́па (kúpa)
- South Slavic:
- Russian Church Slavonic: коупа (kupa)
- Bulgarian: купа́ (kupá); ку́па (kúpa), купъ́ (kupǎ́) (dialectal)
- Macedonian: купа (kupa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: ку̏па
- Latin: kȕpa
- West Slavic:
- Czech: kupa
- Polish: kupa
- Slovak: kupa (dialectal)
- Slovincian: kʉ̃pă
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: kupa (“island”)
- Upper Sorbian: kupa (“island”)
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kupa”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 13 (*kroměžirъ – kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 107
- Chernykh, P. (1993), “купа”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1 (а – пантомима), 3rd edition, Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 455
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “купа”, in Етимологічний словник української мови: у 7 т. [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language: in 7 vols] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, page 3
- Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1989), “ку́па”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volume 5 (ка́яць – ліпя́нка), Minsk: Navuka i technika
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ку́па”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress