< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kucъ
 | This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Of expressive origin (given that *-c- did not trigger softening of the ending), commonly compared with Proto-Slavic *kǫsъ (“short, chopped”) (per Georgiev, Vasmer) and Proto-Slavic *kukati (“to cuckoo”) (per Trubachev). Vasmer distinguishes the meaning lame, crippled (in South Slavic) from tailless (in East, West Slavic), however, Georgiev connects them.
Adjective
*kȗcъ
- tailless (in East, West Slavic)
- lame, crippled (in South Slavic)
- Synonym: *xromъ
Declension
Indefinite declension of *kucъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kucъ | *kuca | *kuco |
| Accusative | *kucъ | *kucǫ | *kuco |
| Genitive | *kuca | *kucy | *kuca |
| Locative | *kucě | *kucě | *kucě |
| Dative | *kucu | *kucě | *kucu |
| Instrumental | *kucomь | *kucojǫ | *kucomь |
| Vocative | *kuče | *kuco | *kuco |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kuca | *kucě | *kucě |
| Accusative | *kuca | *kucě | *kucě |
| Genitive | *kucu | *kucu | *kucu |
| Locative | *kucu | *kucu | *kucu |
| Dative | *kucoma | *kucama | *kucoma |
| Instrumental | *kucoma | *kucama | *kucoma |
| Vocative | *kuca | *kucě | *kucě |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kuci | *kucy | *kuca |
| Accusative | *kucy | *kucy | *kuca |
| Genitive | *kucъ | *kucъ | *kucъ |
| Locative | *kucěxъ | *kucaxъ | *kucěxъ |
| Dative | *kucomъ | *kucamъ | *kucomъ |
| Instrumental | *kucy | *kucami | *kucy |
| Vocative | *kuci | *kucy | *kuca |
Definite declension of *kucъ (hard)
| Singular | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | *kucъjь | *kucaja | *kucoje |
| Accusative | *kucъjь | *kucǫjǫ | *kucoje |
| Genitive | *kucajego | *kucyję | *kucajego |
| Locative | *kucějemь | *kucěji | *kucějemь |
| Dative | *kucujemu | *kucěji | *kucujemu |
| Instrumental | *kucyjimi | *kucǫjǫ | *kucyjimi |
| Vocative | *kucъjь | *kucaja | *kucoje |
| Dual | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kucaja | *kucěji | *kucěji |
| Accusative | *kucaja | *kucěji | *kucěji |
| Genitive | *kucuju | *kucuju | *kucuju |
| Locative | *kucuju | *kucuju | *kucuju |
| Dative | *kucyjima | *kucyjima | *kucyjima |
| Instrumental | *kucyjima | *kucyjima | *kucyjima |
| Vocative | *kucaja | *kucěji | *kucěji |
| Plural | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter |
| Nominative | *kuciji | *kucyję | *kucaja |
| Accusative | *kucyję | *kucyję | *kucaja |
| Genitive | *kucъjixъ | *kucъjixъ | *kucъjixъ |
| Locative | *kucyjixъ | *kucyjixъ | *kucyjixъ |
| Dative | *kucyjimъ | *kucyjimъ | *kucyjimъ |
| Instrumental | *kucyjimi | *kucyjimi | *kucyjimi |
| Vocative | *kuciji | *kucyję | *kucaja |
Derived terms
- *kucati (“to limp”)
- *kucakъ (“cripple”)
- *kucostь (“physical defect, handicap”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: ку́цы (kúcy)
- Russian: ку́цый (kúcyj)
- Ukrainian: ку́ций (kúcyj)
- South Slavic:
- Middle Bulgarian: коуцъ (kucŭ)
- Bulgarian: куц (kuc, “crippled”); Ку́ция (Kúcija, “epithet for the Devil”)
- ⇒ Greek: κουτσός (koutsós) (probably)
- Macedonian: куц (kuc)
- Middle Bulgarian: коуцъ (kucŭ)
- West Slavic:
- Polish: kuc
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “куцый”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kucati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), volume 13 (*kroměžirъ – kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 79
- Georgiev V. I., editor (1986), “куц”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 165