< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/krъšiti
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Derived from Proto-Indo-European *krows- (“to bump, push, break”). Akin to Lithuanian krùšti.
Verb
*krъšiti
- (transitive) to crumble (to break into crumbs)
Inflection
Conjugation of *krъšiti, *krъši, *krъšitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Suffix: *-iti
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
― iterative (*nositi⇐*nesti)
― causative (*pojiti⇐*piti)
― ...
Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
---|---|---|---|
*krъšenьje | *krъšiti | *krъšitъ | *krъšilъ |
Participles | ||
---|---|---|
Tense | Past | Present |
Passive | *krъšenъ | *krъšimъ |
Active | *krъšь | *krъšę |
Aorist | Present | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *krъšixъ | *krъši | *krъši | *krъšǫ | *krъšiši | *krъšitь |
Dual | *krъšixově | *krъšista | *krъšiste | *krъšivě | *krъšita | *krъšite |
Plural | *krъšixomъ | *krъšiste | *krъšišę | *krъšimъ | *krъšite | *krъšętь |
Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
Singular | *krъšaaxъ | *krъšaaše | *krъšaaše | — | *krъši | *krъši |
Dual | *krъšaaxově | *krъšaašeta | *krъšaašete | *krъšivě | *krъšita | — |
Plural | *krъšaaxomъ | *krъšaašete | *krъšaaxǫ | *krъšimъ | *krъšite | — |
- Notes:
- (*)*krъšivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Related terms
nouns
- *kruxъ
- *krъxà
verb
- *krušiti
Descendants
- East Slavic
- Russian: кроши́ть (krošítʹ)
- Ukrainian: криши́ти (kryšýty)
- South Slavic
- Old Church Slavonic: кръшити (krŭšiti)
- Bulgarian: кърша (kǎrša)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: кр̀шити
- Latin: kr̀šiti
- Slovene: kŕšiti
- West Slavic
- Old Polish: krszyć
- Polish: krszyć (dialectal)
- Old Polish: krszyć
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кроши́ть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress