Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kriti

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Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kriti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Looking only on the meaning “to purchase” it has been related as follows:

• From Proto-Indo-European *kʷréyh₂t, root aorist of *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”).[1]
• From Proto-Indo-European *kʷri-n-h₂ (Derksen) or *kʷri-ne (ЭССЯ), from root *kʷreyh₂- (“to buy”)

Seen as cognate withTocharian B karyor (“buying”).Sanskrit क्रीणाति (krīṇāti, “to buy”) (root क्री (krī),Persian خریدن‎ (xaridan),Old Irish crenaid (“to buy”),Ancient Greek πρίασθαι (príasthai), πρίαμαι (príamai), Ancient Greek ἐπριάμην (epriámēn, “I bought”),.Also Baltic derivatives:Old Lithuanian krienas (“money, pay; pretium pro sponsis”),Latvian kriens (“groom's presents for bride, parents and friends”).

Based on the meaning “to curve” only attested in derived terms one might put it to *(s)ker- (“to turn”).

Verb

*kriti pf[2]

1. to turn, to bend, to twist, to curve
2. to make go round, to put into exchange, to cause to circulate
3. to buy, to purchase, to obtain by commercial exchange

   Synonym: *kupiti

Conjugation

Conjugation of *kriti, *kri, *krьnetь (perf., -V/n-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*kritьje	*kriti	*kritъ	*krilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*kritъ	—
Active	*krivъ	—

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*krixъ	*kri	*kri	*krьnǫ	*krьneši	*krьnetь
Dual	*krixově	*krista	*kriste	*krьnevě	*krьneta	*krьnete
Plural	*krixomъ	*kriste	*krišę	*krьnemъ	*krьnete	*krьnǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	—	—	—	—	*krьni	*krьni
Dual	—	—	—	*krьněvě	*krьněta	—
Plural	—	—	—	*krьněmъ	*krьněte	—

Notes:
• In perfective verbs, present expresses future

Derived terms

• *krina (“calabash”)
• *krida (“sieve”)
• *krinica (“slough, gully”)
• *kridlo (“wing”)
• *krivъ (“curved”)

See also

• *věniti, *věno (“bride-price”)
• *tъrgъ (“commerce”)
• *krojь, *krojiti (“to cut out”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: крити (kriti), ?*крьнути (*krĭnuti) (Russian)
• East Slavic:
  • Old Novgorodian: крити (kriti)
  • Old East Slavic: крити (kriti), ?*крьнути (*krĭnuti), крьнеть (krĭnetĭ) / кренеть (krenetĭ), крени (kreni)
    • Belarusian: крану́цца (kranúcca)
    • Ukrainian: крину́тиса (krynútysa)

Further reading

• Patri, Sylvain (1994), “Origine et désintégration de la conjugaison de kriti en vieux russe”, in Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics (in French), volume 107, issue 2. H., DOI:10.2307/40849136, pages 284–297
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кренуть”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. and suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kriti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 160
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*krьnǫti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological Dictionary of Slavic Languages] (in Russian), issue 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 74
• Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893), “крьнути”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volume 1: А – К, Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1341
• Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “кренути”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11–17th cent.] (in Russian), issue 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 29
• Filin, F. P., editor (1981), “крити”, in Словарь русского языка XI–XVII вв. [Dictionary of the Russian Language: 11–17th cent.] (in Russian), issue 8 (крада – лящина), Moscow: Nauka, page 59
• Zaliznjak A. A. (1984), “Наблюдения над берестяными грамотами, §40-§41”, in Вопросы русского языкознания, volume 5, Moscow: Nauka, page 114-118

References

1. Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*k^u̯rei̯h₂-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 395
2. Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kriti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 248: “v. ‘buy’”